Cancer risk among workers of a secondary aluminium smelter: Table 1.

Maltseva, A.; Serra, Consol; Kogevinas, Manolis

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqw054

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This analysis of >121 700 person-years of follow-up among 4507 male employees in prebake aluminium smelters found no differences in the rates of overall mortality and, in particular, mortality from overall cancer and non-malignant respiratory disease, compared with the Australian population. Among the workers likely to have been most exposed (production and maintenance workers), there was a lower risk of overall death and overall cancer deaths in the 20 years after commencing work, consistent with results published previously7 and those from other studies18 19 among smelter workers and likely attributable to the healthy worker effect. An excess risk of lung (SMR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.8), prostate (SMR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.7) and liver cancer (SMR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.4) was seen among production workers in whom an increased SIR for overall respiratory cancers (lung cancers) was also found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Workers in Australian prebake aluminium smelters: update on risk of mortality and cancer incidence in the Healthwise cohort

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo investigate mortality and the rates of incident cancer among a cohort of aluminium industry workers.MethodsAmong 4507 male employees who worked in either of two Australian prebake smelters for at least 3 months, data linkage was undertaken with the Australian National Death Index and Australian Cancer Database. Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and Standardised Incidence Rates (SIRs) were estimated for the whole cohort and for: production; maintenance and office workers. SMRs and SIRs were calculated by time since first employment.ResultsAmong production workers, there was an excess risk of mortality from mesothelioma (SMR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.2), lung (SMR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.8), prostate (SMR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.7) and liver cancer (SMR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.4) and the SIR was also increased for overall respiratory cancers, specifically lung cancers. An excess risk of death from stomach cancer (SMR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.1) and Alzheimer’s disease (SMR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 7.9) was seen among maintenance workers. The overall risk of death was similar to that of the Australian general population, as was mortality from cancers overall and non-malignant respiratory disease.ConclusionsNo excess risk of death from bladder cancer or non-malignant respiratory disease was found. Excess lung cancer mortality and incidence may be explained by smoking and excess mortality from mesothelioma may be explained by asbestos exposure. An excess risk of mortality from liver and prostate cancer has been shown in production workers and requires further investigation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Workers in Australian prebake aluminium smelters: update on risk of mortality and cancer incidence in the Healthwise cohort

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding is consistent with that of previous studies 36 . An elevated risk of bladder cancer has often been found in metalworking occupations, but most have not addressed MWFs exposure using quantitative measurements, therefore it's not clear which agents in MWFs are attributable to the bladder cancer risk 36‐39 . On the basis of quantitative measurements, only one cohort study has been conducted and has reported an increased risk of bladder cancer in association with MWFs 40 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…36 An elevated risk of bladder cancer has often been found in metalworking occupations, but most have not addressed MWFs exposure using quantitative measurements, therefore it's not clear which agents in MWFs are attributable to the bladder cancer risk. [36][37][38][39] On the basis of quantitative measurements, only one cohort study has been conducted and has reported an increased risk of bladder cancer in association with MWFs. 40 Occupational exposure to aromatic amines, that is, 4-aminobiphenyl, 2-naphthylamine, benzidine and its metabolites have been classified as carcinogenic to humans and are strongly and consistently associated with bladder cancer development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder cancer risk in relation to occupations held in a nationwide case‐control study in Iran

Hosseini

Zendehdel

Bouaoun

et al. 2023

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Globally, bladder cancer has been identified as one of the most frequent occupational cancers, but our understanding of occupational bladder cancer risk in Iran is less advanced. This study aimed to assess the risk of bladder cancer in relation to occupation in Iran. We used the IROPICAN case-control study data including 717 incident cases and 3477 controls. We assessed the risk of bladder cancer in relation to ever working in major groups of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-68) while controlling for cigarette smoking, opium consumption. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).In men, decreased ORs for bladder cancer were observed in administrative and managerial workers (OR 0.4; CI: 0.2, 0.9), and clerks (OR 0.6; CI: 0.4, 0.9). Elevated ORs were observed in metal processors (OR 5.4; CI: 1.3, 23.4), and workers in occupations with likely exposure to aromatic amines (OR 2.2; CI: 1.2, 4.0). There was no evidence of interactions between working in aromatic amines-exposed occupations and tobacco smoking or opium use. Elevated risk of bladder cancer in men in metal processors and workers likely exposed to aromatic amines aligns with associations observed outside Iran. Other previously confirmed associations between high-risk occupations and bladder cancer were not observed, possibly due to small numbers or lack of details on exposure. Future epidemiological studies in Iran would benefit from the development of

show abstract

“…Al has been shown to be particularly dangerous for the functioning of the central nervous system, causing cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders. Many studies have shown that exposure to Al can cause neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, risk of cognitive impairment, dementia, allergic conditions, inflammatory skin lesions, and a higher risk of developing lung cancer or bladder cancer [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Yoshimasu et al found higher concentrations of Al in the brain of victims of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Elemental Analysis of Human Optic Chiasm—A New Perspective to Reveal the Pathomechanism of Nerve Fibers’ Degeneration

Baj

Forma

Kowalska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of metals on the functioning of the human eye is multifactorial and includes enzyme activity modulation, trace metal metabolic pathways changes, and cytotoxic activity. Functional dysfunctions appear mostly as a result of the accumulation of toxic xenobiotic metals or disturbances of micronutrients’ homeostasis. So far, the affinity of selected metals to eye tissues, i.e., the cornea, choroid, lens, and anterior chamber fluid, has been most studied. However, it is known that many eye symptoms are related to damage to the optic nerve. In order to fill this gap, the aim of the study is to perform a multi-element analysis of tissue collected postmortem from optic chiasm and optic nerves. A total of 178 samples from 107 subjects were tested. The concentrations of 51 elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after the wet-mineralization step. In terms of elemental composition, the optic chiasm is dominated by two trace elements, i.e., iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), besides macro-elements Ca, K, Na, P, and Mg. The subjects formed a homogeneous cluster (over 70% subjects) with the highest accumulation of aluminum (Al). The remaining two departing clusters were characterized by an increased content of most of the elements, including toxic elements such as bismuth (Bi), uranium (U), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd). Changes in elemental composition with age were analyzed statistically for the selected groups, i.e., females, males, and subjects with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and without AUD. A tendency of women to lose Se, Cu, Zn, Fe with age was observed, and a disturbed Ca/Mg, Na/K ratio in subjects with AUD. Although the observed trends were not statistically significant, they shed new light on the risks and possible pathologies associated with metal neurotoxicity in the visual tract.

show abstract

Cancer risk among workers of a secondary aluminium smelter: Table 1.

Abstract: Results of this study suggest that work at secondary aluminium smelters is associated with bladder cancer risk. Identification of occupational carcinogens in this industry is needed.

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Workers in Australian prebake aluminium smelters: update on risk of mortality and cancer incidence in the Healthwise cohort

Workers in Australian prebake aluminium smelters: update on risk of mortality and cancer incidence in the Healthwise cohort

Bladder cancer risk in relation to occupations held in a nationwide case‐control study in Iran

Multi-Elemental Analysis of Human Optic Chiasm—A New Perspective to Reveal the Pathomechanism of Nerve Fibers’ Degeneration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About