Cancer risk by education in Iceland; a census-based cohort study

Vidarsdottir, Halldora; Gunnarsdóttir, Hólmfríður K.; Ólafsdóttir, Elínborg J; Olafsdottir, Gudridur H; Pukkala, Eero; Tryggvadóttír, Laufey

doi:10.1080/02841860801888773

Cited by 44 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It has been shown that inequalities in mortality from lung cancer rose in many European countries between 1990 and 2000, due to a significant decrease in highly educated people contrasting with an increase in lowly educated ones [36]. In an Icelandic study, the risk of lung cancer for men with academic education was 63% of that of men with basic education [37]. In the Netherlands, the GLOBE study showed that the relative risk for lung cancer for low versus high education was 2.7 (95% CI: 1.3-5.3); adjustment for smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity decreased the risk to 1.6 (95% CI: 0.8-3.3) [38], showing that differences might be at least partly explained by behavioural factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis in France

et al. 2018

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study performed within the Groupe Français de Pneumo-Cancérologie. Consecutive patients diagnosed with lung cancer before the age of 40 years were eligible. Data on demographics, medical history, clinico-pathological characteristics, treatment and overall survival were analysed. Results: In total, 146 patients were included from January 2011 to December 2013. Median age was 38 years (IQR: 34–40). Women accounted for 41%. Main histological type was adenocarcinoma (77%). Only 3% had a prior history of cancer, but a family history (first- or second-degree relatives) of cancer was reported in 80 (55%) patients; 85 and 50% were current or past smokers of tobacco and cannabis, respectively; 82% had stage IIIB/IV at diagnosis. Median overall survival was 15.3 (95% CI: 8.1–24.0) months in the whole population, 10.3 (95% CI: 12.5–14.2) months in stage IV and 15 (95% CI: 8.7–35.2) months in stage III. One- and two-year overall survival rates were 57% (95 CI: 49–65) and 31.5% (95 CI: 27–43), respectively. Compared to smokers, non-smokers were significantly younger and more often females. Median overall survival was not statistically different between smokers and non-smokers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis in France

et al. 2018

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“…In contrast to the theoretical papers, the papers reporting empirical studies [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] did not have the same clear focus on equity in health. Two papers [25,27] neither mentioned nor dealt with equity aspects and thus appeared to have ended up in the equity folder by chance.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysis -Empirical Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two papers [25,27] neither mentioned nor dealt with equity aspects and thus appeared to have ended up in the equity folder by chance. Other papers mentioned equity but did not really deal with the concept, while some did not mention equity even though the contents clearly targeted equity aspects.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysis -Empirical Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concept of ‘‘equity’’ in health-promotion articles by Nordic authors - A matter of some confusion and misconception

Povlsen

Borup

Fosse

2011

Scand J Public Health

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Aims: This paper focuses on equity in health, one of the key principles of the Ottawa Charter. It aims at analysing and discussing how the concept was defined, applied, and integrated in health-promotion articles by authors with a Nordic affiliation. Methods: Abstracts were first identified by the search word ''health promotion'' as a key word. The search was limited to 1986-2008 and abstracts written in English by authors with a Nordic affiliation. Abstracts/articles for the present study were subsequently selected from these abstracts using the search word ''equity'' and analysed by quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Findings: A majority of the 18 articles in the study did not include any proper definition of the term ''equity in health''. Most articles dealt with health in general or ''Health for All'' aspects and did not focus on specific strategies for vulnerable individuals or groups. The theoretical papers had a clear focus on equity aspects even though the concept of equity was sometimes included in an implicit way. In contrast, most papers reporting empirical studies did not specifically target equity aspects. Instead, the analysis gave the impression that many authors used the term ''equity'' synonymously with ''equality in health''. Conclusions: The findings may indicate that the concept of ''equity in health'' has been attenuated or even forgotten by Nordic health-promotion researchers and needs to be re-established as a strong concern within health promotion.

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“…Some published studies have documented a positive relation between high socioeconomic status (SES) and breast cancer risk [10][11][12][13]. While overall there is an inverse association between SES and cancer risk and almost all cancer incidences, in particular of the lung, stomach, pharynx, esophagus, and cervical uteri, are higher when SES is lower [10,[13][14][15], a positive association was found for cancers of colon, prostate, breast, and skin melanoma [13,14]. For example, in an Italian study, women with lower educational levels were at lower risk of breast cancer, melanoma, and ovarian cancers but had a higher risk of stomach, liver, and cervical cancers [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%