2012
DOI: 10.3844/ajisp.2012.101.116
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Cancerous Immunoglobulins and Ca215: Implications in Cancer Immunology

Abstract: Immunoglobulins are typically expressed by B cells in our normal immune system. However, certain normal human tissues, such as hyperplastic epithelial cells, cells of the immunologically privileged sites and the majority of cancer cells, have also been found to be sites of immunoglobulin production. Current research is lacking in regards to the differential immunoglobulin expression, the underling mechanisms of action and the biological implications of these cancerous immunoglobulins in cancer immunology. This… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…A variety of cancer cells and cancer cell lines have been shown to express functionally active TLRs, such as TLR-2, -3, -4, and -5 in ovarian cancer [29,61,62], TLR-3, -4, -5, and -9 in cervical cancer [61,[63][64][65], TLR-9 in lung cancer [43], TLR-4, -5, -9 in gastric cancer [66], and TLR-2, -3, and -4 in colorectal cancer cells lines [67]. In general, TLR-4 and TLR-9 was found to be most strongly expressed in human cancer cells [32]. However, the endogenous ligand for these cancerous TLRs and the mechanism by which TLRs promote carcinogenesis remains unknown [60].…”
Section: Effects Of Rp215 Anti-human Immunoglobulin G and Anti-t Cementioning
confidence: 97%
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“…A variety of cancer cells and cancer cell lines have been shown to express functionally active TLRs, such as TLR-2, -3, -4, and -5 in ovarian cancer [29,61,62], TLR-3, -4, -5, and -9 in cervical cancer [61,[63][64][65], TLR-9 in lung cancer [43], TLR-4, -5, -9 in gastric cancer [66], and TLR-2, -3, and -4 in colorectal cancer cells lines [67]. In general, TLR-4 and TLR-9 was found to be most strongly expressed in human cancer cells [32]. However, the endogenous ligand for these cancerous TLRs and the mechanism by which TLRs promote carcinogenesis remains unknown [60].…”
Section: Effects Of Rp215 Anti-human Immunoglobulin G and Anti-t Cementioning
confidence: 97%
“…During the past decade, distinct regulatory mechanisms for the expression of immunoglobulins in cancer cells compared to those of B cells have been demonstrated at the transcriptional, translational and posttranslational levels (14,32 [14]. Furthermore, only limited sets of predominant functional V H DJ H gene recombinations were identified in human cancer cells.…”
Section: Molecular Nature and Expression Of Cancerous Immunoglobulinsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This observation may indicate the differences in the molecular nature between CA215 and cIgG. However, a few of these proteins listed in Table 3 are related to pro-cancer or anti-cancer properties to cancer cells [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. The molecular nature and functions of these captured human serum proteins remain to be explored in the future [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].…”
Section: Human Serum Proteins Recognized Separately By Ca215 and Ciggmentioning
confidence: 91%