Candidate Materials for High-Strength Fastener Applications in Both the Aerospace and Automotive Industries

Ferrero, James G.

doi:10.1361/105994905x75466

Cited by 55 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Structural materials such as commercially pure (CP) titanium and its alloys are extremely important in a number of sectors, particularly in the transport, chemical, energy generation and biomaterial industries [1][2][3][4][5]. Although CP titanium possesses interesting properties, especially a good strength-to-weight ratio, high biocompatibility and enhanced corrosion resistance, its mechanical strength is relatively limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of directionally solidified Ti–Fe eutectic alloy with low interstitial and high mechanical strength

Contieri

Lopes

Cruz

et al. 2011

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of directionally solidified Ti–Fe eutectic alloy with low interstitial and high mechanical strength

Contieri

Lopes

Cruz

et al. 2011

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…To overcome such restrictions, CP titanium was substituted by titanium alloys, particularly, the classic grade 5, i.e., Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The Ti-6Al-4V α + β-type alloy, the most worldwide utilized titanium alloy, was initially developed for aerospace applications [12,13]. Although this type of alloy is considered a good material for surgically implanted parts, recent studies have found that vanadium may react with the tissue of the human body [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium and Titanium Alloy Applications in Medicine

Jackson

Kopač

Balažic

et al. 2016

Surgical Tools and Medical Devices

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Titanium is a transition metal. It is present in several minerals including rutile and ilmenite, which are well dispersed over the Earth's crust. Even though titanium is as strong as some steels, its density is only half of that of steel. Titanium is broadly used in a number of fields, including aerospace, power generation, automotive, chemical and petrochemical, sporting goods, dental and medical industries. The large variety of applications is due to its desirable properties, mainly the relative high strength combined with low density and enhanced corrosion resistance. This chapter discusses the applications of titanium and its alloys in the medical field. Metallurgical Aspects IntroductionAmong the metallic materials, titanium and its alloys are considered the most suitable materials in medical applications because they satisfy the property requirements better than any other competing materials, such as stainless steels, CrCo alloys, commercially pure (CP) Nb and CP Ta [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In terms of biomedical applications, the properties of interest are biocompatibility, corrosion behavior, mechanical behavior, ability to be processed, and availability [7][8][9].Titanium may be considered as being a relatively new engineering material. It was discovered much later than the other commonly used metals, its commercial application started in the late 1940s, mainly as structural material. Its usage as implant material began in the 1960s [10]. Despite the fact that titanium exhibits superior corrosion resistance and tissue acceptance when compared with stainless M.J. Jackson (&) Kansas State University, Salina, KS, USA e-mail: jacksonmj04@yahoo.com [11]. To overcome such restrictions, CP titanium was substituted by titanium alloys, particularly, the classic grade 5, i.e., Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The Ti-6Al-4V α + β-type alloy, the most worldwide utilized titanium alloy, was initially developed for aerospace applications [12,13]. Although this type of alloy is considered a good material for surgically implanted parts, recent studies have found that vanadium may react with the tissue of the human body [2]. In addition, aluminum may be related with neurological disorders and Alzheimer's disease [2]. To overcome the potential vanadium toxicity, two new vanadium-free α + β-type alloys were developed in the 1980s. Vanadium, a β-stabilizer element, was replaced by niobium and iron, leading to Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-5Al-2.5Fe (α + β)-type alloys [4,6,14]. While both alloys show mechanical and metallurgical behavior comparable to those of Ti-6Al-4V, a disadvantage is that they all contain aluminum in their compositions.In recent years, several studies have shown that the elastic behavior of α + β-type alloys is not fully suitable for orthopedic applications [15][16][17][18]. A number of studies suggest that unsatisfactory load transfer from the implant device to the neighboring bone may result in its degradation [9]. Also, numerical analyses of hip implants using finite element method indicate that the use of biomaterials wi...

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“…The applications of titanium as a fastener material began in the mid-1960s [8] derived by the reduction of weight of aircraft such as the Airbus A380, which replaced the fastener material with titanium alloy [9,10]. A lot of β-Ti alloys have been used as fastener, such as Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-0.5Fe (wt%, Ti-5553) and Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (wt%, Ti-1023) [11,12] due to higher strengths than the traditional α-β alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason for higher strengths than the traditional α-β alloys is that the α phase in β-Ti alloys can be very fine, undeformable particles with a high volume fraction. Over the years, the need for reliable high-strength titanium fasteners for aircrafts has significantly increased [8]. Besides the strength, the volume change caused by vibration and wearing could also influence the behavior of the fastener, especially at high temperatures [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Volume Control in Titanium Alloy for High Temperature Performance

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2019

Materials

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With the increase of time, the shrinkage of materials at fixed temperature could enhance the failure of fasteners. We report a potential way to alter the volume/length of alloy automatically through isothermal aging due to pseudospinodal decomposition mechanism. The volume of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy first shrunk and then expanded during isothermal aging at 550 °C. It can fit tightly and make up for volume loss. Transmission electron microscopy observation exhibits no obvious coarsening of intragranular α phase with the increasing time. However, composition evolution with time shows a gradual change through energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. The result shows that β stabilizers, V and Fe, are prone to diffuse to the β matrix, while α stabilizers, Al, prefer to segregate to the α phase. First principle calculations suggest that the structure transition for β to α cause the first decrease of volume, and the diffusion of V, Fe and Al is the origin of the later abnormal increase of volume.

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Candidate Materials for High-Strength Fastener Applications in Both the Aerospace and Automotive Industries

Cited by 55 publications

References 4 publications

Microstructure of directionally solidified Ti–Fe eutectic alloy with low interstitial and high mechanical strength

Microstructure of directionally solidified Ti–Fe eutectic alloy with low interstitial and high mechanical strength

Titanium and Titanium Alloy Applications in Medicine

Adaptive Volume Control in Titanium Alloy for High Temperature Performance

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