‘Candidatus Cochliophilus cryoturris’ (Coxiellaceae), a symbiont of the testate amoeba Cochliopodium minus

Tsao, Han-Fei; Scheikl, Ute; Volland, Jean-Marie; Köhsler, Martina; Bright, Monika; Walochnik, Julia; Horn, Matthias

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03642-8

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The routine co‐amplification of 18S sequences from marine fungi and nematodes suggest that these associations may be ubiquitous and ecologically important in marine environments; however, further work is needed to determine whether these reported nematode–fungal associations are reflective of symbiosis or parasitism or simply reflect partially digested food present in the nematode gut. Putative parasite species included bacterial taxa such as Rickettsiales (pathogens or endosymbionts of eukaryotic cells; Leclerque, ; Zhalnina et al., ), Rickettsiella (intracellular pathogen of arthropods; Yu & Walker, ), Coxiellaceae (Gammaproteobacteria species that include intracellular parasites in diverse taxa such as insects and mammals and bacterial symbionts of amoebae; Lory, ; Tsao et al., ), fungal taxa such as Tremellales (fungal parasites of other fungi; Findley et al., ), Clonostachys rosea (mycoparasites of fungi and nematodes; Toledo, Virla, Humber, Paradell, & Lastra, ) and enigmatic eukaryote lineages whose phylogenetic placement has not been fully resolved such as Thraustochytriaceae/Aplanochytrium (parasitic or commensal taxa within the Labyrinthulomycota; Moro, Negrisolo, Callegaro, & Andreoli, ). None of these putative parasites had previously been reported from nematode hosts, with the exception of Clonostachys rosea which is a known pathogen of terrestrial nematodes such as Heterodera spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some of these reported taxa are known to parasitize a variety of marine invertebrate species (e.g., Coxiellaceae and Labyrinthulomycetes; Lory, ; Raghukumar, ; Raghukumar & Damare, ). Interestingly, the three bacterial groups Rickettsiella , Rickettsiales and Coxiellaceae appear to represent intracellular pathogens and endosymbionts of eukaryotic cells (previously reported from arthropods and amoebae; Leclerque, ; Tsao et al., ; Yu & Walker, ; Zhalnina et al., ); it is unclear whether these intracellular pathogens/symbionts were derived from prey species or nematode host cells themselves. Overall, our data emphasizes the sheer paucity of knowledge regarding the breadth of parasitic interactions and symbiotic/commensal relationships in marine sediment habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nematode‐associated microbial taxa do not correlate with host phylogeny, geographic region or feeding morphology in marine sediment habitats

et al. 2018

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Studies of host-associated microbes are critical for advancing our understanding of ecology and evolution across diverse taxa and ecosystems. Nematode worms are ubiquitous across most habitats on earth, yet little is known about host-associated microbial assemblages within the phylum. Free-living nematodes are globally abundant and diverse in marine sediments, with species exhibiting distinct buccal cavity (mouth) morphologies that are thought to play an important role in feeding ecology and life history strategies. Here, we investigated patterns in marine nematode microbiomes, by characterizing host-associated microbial taxa in 281 worms isolated from a range of habitat types (deep-sea, shallow water, methane seeps, Lophelia coral mounds, kelp holdfasts) across three distinct geographic regions (Arctic, Southern California and Gulf of Mexico). Microbiome profiles were generated from single worms spanning 33 distinct morphological genera, using a two-gene metabarcoding approach to amplify the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene targeting bacteria/archaea and the V1-V2 region of the 18S rRNA gene targeting microbial eukaryotes. Contrary to our expectations, nematode microbiome profiles demonstrated no distinct patterns either globally (across depths and ocean basins) or locally (within site); prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial assemblages did not correlate with nematode feeding morphology, host phylogeny or morphological identity, ocean region or marine habitat type. However, fine-scale analysis of nematode microbiomes revealed a variety of novel ecological interactions, including putative parasites and symbionts, and potential associations with bacterial/archaeal taxa involved in nitrogen and methane cycling. Our results suggest that in marine habitats, free-living nematodes may utilize diverse and generalist foraging strategies that are not correlated with host genotype or feeding morphology. Furthermore, some abiotic factors such as geographic region and habitat type do not appear to play an obvious role in structuring host-microbe associations or feeding preferences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode‐associated microbial taxa do not correlate with host phylogeny, geographic region or feeding morphology in marine sediment habitats

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, Allovahlkampfia which have been suggested to act as hosts for pathogenic bacteria (Mohamed and Huseein, 2016), were also represented in our networks. In this respect, we have recently isolated from the water sample of the tower CT-1 the first testate amoeba, Cochliopodium minus, containing a bacterial symbiont (Tsao et al., 2017). Taken together, our co-presence network analysis recovered a large number of known bacteria-protist interactions and suggested that such relationships are much more diverse than recognized currently.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cooling tower water microbiota: Seasonal dynamics and co-occurrence of bacterial and protist phylotypes

et al. 2019

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Cooling towers for heating, ventilation and air conditioning are ubiquitous in the built environment. Often located on rooftops, their semi-open water basins provide a suitable environment for microbial growth. They are recognized as a potential source of bacterial pathogens and have been associated with disease outbreaks such as Legionnaires’ disease. While measures to minimize public health risks are in place, the general microbial and protist community structure and dynamics in these systems remain largely elusive. In this study, we analysed the microbiome of the bulk water from the basins of three cooling towers by 16S and 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing over the course of one year. Bacterial diversity in all three towers was broadly comparable to other freshwater systems, yet less diverse than natural environments; the most abundant taxa are also frequently found in freshwater or drinking water. While each cooling tower had a pronounced site-specific microbial community, taxa shared among all locations mainly included groups generally associated with biofilm formation. We also detected several groups related to known opportunistic pathogens, such as Legionella , Mycobacterium , and Pseudomonas species, albeit at generally low abundance. Although cooling towers represent a rather stable environment, microbial community composition was highly dynamic and subject to seasonal change. Protists are important members of the cooling tower water microbiome and known reservoirs for bacterial pathogens. Co-occurrence analysis of bacteria and protist taxa successfully captured known interactions between amoeba-associated bacteria and their hosts, and predicted a large number of additional relationships involving ciliates and other protists. Together, this study provides an unbiased and comprehensive overview of microbial diversity of cooling tower water basins, establishing a framework for investigating and assessing public health risks associated with these man-made freshwater environments.

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“… 2016 ) and ‘ Candidatus Cochliophilus’ (Tsao et al . 2017 ) . Diplorickettsia massiliensis (Subramanian et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The all-intracellular order Legionellales is unexpectedly diverse, globally distributed and lowly abundant

Graells

Ishak

Larsson

et al. 2018

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Legionellales is an order of the Gammaproteobacteria, only composed of host-adapted, intracellular bacteria, including the accidental human pathogens Legionella pneumophila and Coxiella burnetii. Although the diversity in terms of lifestyle is large across the order, only a few genera have been sequenced, owing to the difficulty to grow intracellular bacteria in pure culture. In particular, we know little about their global distribution and abundance.Here, we analyze 16/18S rDNA amplicons both from tens of thousands of published studies and from two separate sampling campaigns in and around ponds and in a silver mine. We demonstrate that the diversity of the order is much larger than previously thought, with over 450 uncultured genera. We show that Legionellales are found in about half of the samples from freshwater, soil and marine environments and quasi-ubiquitous in man-made environments. Their abundance is low, typically 0.1%, with few samples up to 1%. Most Legionellales OTUs are globally distributed, while many do not belong to a previously identified species.This study sheds a new light on the ubiquity and diversity of one major group of host-adapted bacteria. It also emphasizes the need to use metagenomics to better understand the role of host-adapted bacteria in all environments.

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‘Candidatus Cochliophilus cryoturris’ (Coxiellaceae), a symbiont of the testate amoeba Cochliopodium minus

Cited by 27 publications

References 69 publications

Nematode‐associated microbial taxa do not correlate with host phylogeny, geographic region or feeding morphology in marine sediment habitats

Nematode‐associated microbial taxa do not correlate with host phylogeny, geographic region or feeding morphology in marine sediment habitats

The cooling tower water microbiota: Seasonal dynamics and co-occurrence of bacterial and protist phylotypes

The all-intracellular order Legionellales is unexpectedly diverse, globally distributed and lowly abundant

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