Canine and Feline Mycoplasmas

Rosendal, S

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-078402-8.50013-9

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…5,7,25 Other mycoplasma species found in the upper and lower respiratory tract of cats include M. arginini, M. pulmonis, M. arthritides, Acholeplasma laidlawii, and rarely M. feliminutum. 17,24 Although Mycoplasma gateae can cause arthritis, 12 it is also the most common mycoplasma found in clinically healthy cats. 24 Thus, diagnostic methods targeting M. felis should not produce false positives when other mycoplasma species are present in a sample.…”

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Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

et al. 2011

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Several mycoplasma species are part of the normal bacterial flora of animals. Many of these mycoplasmas are regarded as harmless; however, Mycoplasma felis can be pathogenic for both cats and horses. Mycoplasma felis is rarely found in ocular swabs from healthy cats, but it is prevalent in swabs from cats with conjunctivitis, 6 which has been experimentally induced in kittens following inoculation. 23 In the oropharynx, M. felis is considered part of the normal flora of approximately a third of the feline population, 16 but in shelter cats, isolation of M. felis from oropharyngeal swabs has been associated with upper respiratory tract infection. it is also the most common mycoplasma found in clinically healthy cats. 24 Thus, diagnostic methods targeting M. felis should not produce false positives when other mycoplasma species are present in a sample.In horses, tracheal isolation of M. felis has been associated with sudden onset of coughing, nasal discharge, or pyrexia, 14 and with outbreaks of lower respiratory tract disease. 26 Mycoplasma felis has also been detected in pleural fluid of horses with pleuritis. 15 As in the cat, a fast and specific etiological diagnosis is beneficial, as appropriate treatment cures the disease. 15 Other known respiratory mycoplasmas of horses include M. equirhinis, M. arginini, M. subdolum, and M. fastidiosum. 9The traditional diagnostic technique used for M. felis is microbiological culture, including identification of M. felis with specific antisera, which is done only in specialized laboratories and can take weeks. More recently, a method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of M. felis has been reported. 4 The PCR assay was sensitive and faster than conventional culture and identification techniques, but the assay was based on traditional end-point PCR technology. The same assay was later adapted for real-time PCR using SYBR Green intercalating dye technology. 19 In addition to the advantage of reduced analysis time, real-time PCR analysis can be performed with closed PCR tubes, which makes it easier to handle a large number of samples and minimizes the risk of cross-contamination. The targeting of a third sequence element by the use of a dual-labeled fluorogenic probe enables increased specificity compared to SYBR Green-based assays and reduces the time and effort of each analysis by eliminating the need for melting curve analysis. The objective of the current work was the development of an Abstract. Infection by Mycoplasma felis is associated with ocular and respiratory disease in cats and respiratory disease in horses. A correct diagnosis is beneficial since the use of specific antimycoplasmal treatment can lead to resolution. The objective of the present study was to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on dual-labeled fluorogenic probe technology, targeting the gene encoding elongation factor Tu (tuf ), for the fast and specific detection of M. felis. Specificity was achieved by basing the assay design on partial sequencing of t...

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Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

et al. 2011

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“…Mycoplasma species are prokaryotic bacteria without a cell wall and are considered to be normal flora of mucous membranes in cats and dogs. They appear to be part of the physiological pharyngeal flora in one‐third of the feline population (Randolph and others 1993) and have been isolated from the conjunctiva, upper respiratory tract and urogenital tract in this species (Heyward and others 1969, Rosendal 1979). They cannot be classified as completely benign as they have been isolated in conjunction with lower respiratory tract infections and conjunctivis (Campbell and others 1973, Foster and others 1998, 2004a, b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma felisarthritis in two cats

Liehmann

Degasperi

Spergser

et al. 2006

J of Small Animal Practice

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This report describes the occurrence of non-weightbearing lameness caused by Mycoplasma felis monoarthritis in two, immunocompetent, European, shorthair adult cats with a suspected history of trauma. Clinical signs recurred after conservative treatment. The joints were treated surgically and M felis was identified as the causative agent for the monoarthritis. Medication with 10 mg/kg doxycycline twice daily was initiated according to susceptibility testing. One cat underwent further joint flushing after two weeks; both the cats recovered completely after eight and nine weeks, respectively. The findings suggest that M felis, in addition to being an agent associated with conjunctivitis in cats, is able to act as a pathogen in other tissues and cause arthritis even in immunocompetent cats.

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“…felis is associated with conjunctivitis (Campbell et al, 1973;Haesebrouck et al, 1991) and pneumonia (Rosendal, 1979) in domestic cats and several diseases in a variety of other mammals, including pleuritis (Ogilvie et al, 1983;Hoffman et al, 1992) and lower respiratory tract disease (Wood et al, 1997) in horses, severe respiratory disease in servals (Johnsrude et al, 1996) and arthritis in immuno-compromised cats (Hooper et al, 1985) and humans (Bonilla et al, 1997). In addition M. felis is thought to be a commensal of several species also being isolated from clinically healthy cats (Tan et al, 1977), dogs (Rosendal, 1979) and horses (Wood et al, 1997). However, there are conflicting reports of the presence of M. felis in clinically healthy cats, with some authors describing the frequent isolation of M. felis from healthy cats (Tan et al, 1977), and others reporting M. felis isolation from the conjunctiva of diseased cats only (Haesebrouck et al, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Mycoplasma felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia

Hong¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

Korean Journal of Veterinary Service

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Two cats were obtained from a cat kennel. Over the previous 7 days, the cats had shown cough, anorexia, depression and nasal discharge. In this study, the consensus PCR was able to detect successfully Mycoplasma species in nasal swab samples of the cats. To identify feline mycoplasma species from the lung tissue of the cats with pneumonia, Mycoplasma species-specific PCR reactions were conducted. As the results, we could identify M. felis by the positive amplified DNAs. On the other hand, we could not detect any positive reactions with the PCR reaction for M. arginini, M. canis, M. edwardii, M. cynos, M. gateae, M. maculosum, M. molared, M. opalescens, M. spumans and Mycoplasma HRC-689.In conclusion, we detected M. felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia. We suggested that this consensus PCR would be useful and effective for monitoring Mycoplasma species in various kinds of animals including cats. The application of preceding consensus PCR before the species-specific PCRs may be the most recommended strategy for the identification of Mycoplasma spp.

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Canine and Feline Mycoplasmas

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

Development and evaluation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the detection ofMycoplasma felis

Mycoplasma felisarthritis in two cats

Detection of Mycoplasma felis from the kenneled cats with pneumonia

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