Canine leishmaniosis in the United Kingdom: A zoonotic disease waiting for a vector?

Shaw, Susan E.; Langton, D. A.; Hillman, T.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.025

Cited by 106 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In most of this range, the domestic dog is the main reservoir host, and it plays a central role in L. infantum transmission to humans by sand fly bites. Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a major veterinary and public-health problem not only in areas of endemicity but also in areas where it is not endemic, such as northern Europe, the United States, and Canada, where individual clinical cases or outbreaks of disease are occasionally reported (41,42,46). However, there is much evidence that the burden of CanL has been underestimated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

et al. 2012

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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a noninvasive assay, conjunctival swab (CS) nested-PCR (n-PCR), for diagnosing canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in different stages of infection in comparison to the performance of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), lymph node microscopy, and buffy coat n-PCR. To this end, we performed a cross-sectional survey among 253 nonselected dogs in areas of endemicity in central Italy. We also performed a longitudinal study of CS n-PCR among 20 sick dogs undergoing antileishmanial treatment. In the first study, among the 72 animals that were positive by at least one test (28.45%), CS n-PCR showed the best relative performance (76.38%), with a high concordance in comparison to standard IFAT serology ( ‫؍‬ 0.75). The highest positivity rates using CS n-PCR were found in asymptomatic infected dogs (84.2%) and sick dogs (77.8%); however, the sensitivity of the assay was not associated with the presence of clinical signs. In the follow-up study on treated sick dogs, CS n-PCR was the most sensitive assay, with promising prognostic value for relapses. The univariate analysis of risk factors for CanL based on CS n-PCR findings showed a significant correlation with age (P ‫؍‬ 0.012), breed size (P ‫؍‬ 0.026), habitat (P ‫؍‬ 4.9 ؋ 10 ؊4 ), and previous therapy (P ‫؍‬ 0.014). Overall, the results indicated that CS n-PCR was the most sensitive assay of the less invasive diagnostic methods and could represent a good option for the early and simple diagnosis of CanL infection in asymptomatic animals and for monitoring relapses in drug-treated dogs.

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confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

et al. 2012

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“…In endemic areas the approach to this disease varies widely and remains contentious (Dantas- Torres et al, 2012). In non-endemic areas there are sporadic case reports of disease (Slappendel and Teske, 1999) but even where travel-related disease is relatively common, such as in the United Kingdom, the disease is often not closely monitored, is likely underreported and the risks of transmission are poorly understood (Shaw et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

The diagnosis and management of a case of leishmaniosis in a dog imported to Australia

Best¹,

Ash

Bergfeld

et al. 2014

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…Indeed, canine leishmaniasis is now well established in South America as far south as northern Argentina [35]. Global warming could prompt the establishment of canine leishmaniasis in areas such as the United Kingdom, where the vectors are currently absent, but where Leishmania infantum infected dogs that had travelled to endemic areas are present [36].…”

Section: Possible Impact Of Future Climate Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thwack of Worldwide Weather Transformation on Vector and Vector-Borne Parasitic Infections

2017

ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Canine leishmaniosis in the United Kingdom: A zoonotic disease waiting for a vector?

Cited by 106 publications

References 21 publications

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Swab Sampling Associated with Nested PCR for Different Categories of Dogs Naturally Exposed to Leishmania infantum Infection

The diagnosis and management of a case of leishmaniosis in a dog imported to Australia

Thwack of Worldwide Weather Transformation on Vector and Vector-Borne Parasitic Infections

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