Canine Liver Iron, Copper, and Zinc Concentrations and Association with Histologic Lesions

Schultheiss, Patricia C.; Bedwell, Cathy L.; Hamar, Dwayne W.; Fettman, Martin J.

doi:10.1177/104063870201400506

Cited by 38 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…16 Increased hepatic iron concentrations have been reported following experimental induction of liver disease using orally administered carbon tetrachloride. 18 Hepatocellular iron accumulation greater than or equal to grade 2 is associated with disease progression in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Genetic bases for primary copper-associated hepatitis have been determined for the Bedlington Terrier 10 and the Labrador Retriever. 6 Copper-associated hepatopathies have also been described in West Highland White Terriers, Skye Terriers, Dalmatians, and Doberman Pinschers, though genetic bases and causality remain undetermined for these breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Iron-associated hepatopathies in dogs may occur secondary to chronic hepatic inflammation. 16 The role of excess hepatocellular iron in the progression of feline hepatopathies is currently unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Copperassociated hepatopathies may be divided into primary copper-associated hepatitis, due to inborn errors of copper metabolism and excretion, and hepatopathies that result in secondary copper accumulation. 16 Copper-associated hepatopathies are poorly characterized in cats. Primary copperassociated hepatitis has been reported in a 2-year-old Siamese cat 5 and a 2-year-old European Shorthair cat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic copper and iron accumulation and histologic findings in 104 feline liver biopsies

et al. 2012

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Abstract. In contrast to dogs, the role of copper and iron accumulation in feline hepatic disease remains poorly characterized. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to compare the amount and distribution of copper and iron accumulation for different disease processes in feline liver biopsies. Liver biopsies (from 104 privately owned cats) were categorized by primary histopathologic lesion. Copper (by rubeanic acid) and iron (by Prussian blue) accumulation were graded by amounts (0-3) and location (centrilobular, midzonal, periportal, random). The Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson chi-square test were used to assess differences in metal grade and location, respectively, between diagnostic categories. Histologic diagnoses were normal (n = 12), congenital (n = 6), neoplastic (n = 16), infectious and/or inflammatory (n = 39), and other (n = 31). Hepatocellular iron staining was negative in 18 samples; remaining samples had grade 1 (n = 38), 2 (n = 40), and 3 (n = 8) accumulation. Ninety-two samples were negative for copper; remaining samples had grade 1 (n = 5), 2 (n = 6), and 3 (n = 1) accumulation. No significant differences were found in the amount of iron or copper accumulation between the different diagnostic categories. Diagnostic category and the location of copper or iron accumulation were not associated. Hepatic iron accumulation was common and not associated with histologic diagnosis. Hepatocellular copper accumulation was more common in cats than previously reported, had a similar pattern of distribution to fibrotic changes, and was not present in histologically normal liver biopsies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic copper and iron accumulation and histologic findings in 104 feline liver biopsies

et al. 2012

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“…Accumulation of copper and iron observed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in some cases has been described in LDH [32]. Although the cytoplasmic accumulation of copper indicates the possibility of copper-related liver disease, copper was not always observed in all samples and the central lobules [3,8,26,27,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluations of Lobular Dissecting Hepatitis in American Cocker Spaniel Dogs

Mizooku

Kagawa²,

Matsuda

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of lobular dissecting hepatitis (LDH) were performed in nine American cocker spaniel dogs. Histological examination showed diffuse fibrosis with weak inflammatory reaction of extensive neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the myofibroblastic cells positive for anti-α-smooth muscle actin and anti-vimentin antibodies produced reticular and collagen fibers and brought about the dissection of hepatic cords and diffuse disappearance of hepatocytes. Reticular fibers invading between hepatocytes and the surrounding small group of hepatocytes were strongly positive for anti-collagen type III and anti-collagen type IV antibodies. The positivity to anti-fibronectin and anti-laminin antibodies was frequently continuous on the basement membrane of the sinusoids of the remaining hepatic cords and between the hepatocytes. Positive findings for anti-E-cadherin antibody were not observed between the hepatocytes showing positive findings for anti-collagen type III and anti-collagen type IV antibodies. These results may explain the expression of fibronectin and laminin that occurs prior to the invasion of reticular fibers between hepatocytes. The present study further suggests that expression of an extracellular matrix mainly containing fibronectin and laminin between the hepatocytes and proliferation of collagen fibers and reticular fibers have a major role in the rupture of the hepatic cords and disappearance of hepatocytes.

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Iron‐deficiency anaemia and severe hypocobalaminaemia and hypofolataemia in a dog fed a homemade diet

Herstad

Cuq

2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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A middle‐aged, female, neutered dog was diagnosed with iron‐deficient anaemia on a routine health check following rescue from a puppy mill. Further investigations revealed a severe hypocobalaminaemia and hypofolataemia. The dog was fed a homemade diet consisting of various types of human food and it had been used for breeding. Pale mucous membranes and mild lethargy were noted on the initial presentation. No ulcerations of the gastrointestinal tract were seen on flexible endoscopy, but lymphocytic and eosinophilic inflammation, indicative of chronic inflammatory enteropathy, was present on histopathology. The dog had no vomiting or diarrhoea and there was no macro‐ or microscopic gastrointestinal bleeding. The condition resolved after providing a commercial, balanced diet and supplementing iron, cobalamin and folate orally. This case report describes the clinical investigation of a dog with iron deficiency, hypocobalaminaemia and hypofolataemia, where malnutrition and excessive breeding may have contributed to this condition.

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Canine Liver Iron, Copper, and Zinc Concentrations and Association with Histologic Lesions

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Hepatic copper and iron accumulation and histologic findings in 104 feline liver biopsies

Hepatic copper and iron accumulation and histologic findings in 104 feline liver biopsies

Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluations of Lobular Dissecting Hepatitis in American Cocker Spaniel Dogs

Iron‐deficiency anaemia and severe hypocobalaminaemia and hypofolataemia in a dog fed a homemade diet

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