Canine mammary anaplastic carcinoma with concurrent aorto-iliac thrombosis in a dog: a case report

Kim, J. H.; Kim, W. J.; Park, J.; Shin, Jong-Il; Yoon, Hyungeun

doi:10.17221/8388-vetmed

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…On the other hand, similar results were reported for percentage of ER expression in benign cancerous tissues, which varied from 49 to 100 [2,23,24,26,28]. Surprisingly, Kim et al, 2015 have shown the ER and PR are decreased in malignant canine mammary tumors [3]. Some investigations indicated that the expression of progesterone and estrogen receptors is associated with tumor size and malignancy grade.…”

Section: Fig (5) Plot Of Logarithmic Fold Change Expression Of Er-αmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…About 52% of all tumors correspond to mammary neoplasia, which is repeatedly reported among dogs and is the most common malignant neoplasia among bitches [1,2]. Malignant tumors can be found in roughly 50% of mammary tumors in canids [2][3][4]. Malignant tumors are hormone-dependent neoplasms and might reappear after surgical removal or spread to other organs such as liver, lymph nodes, and lungs [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor α and ß Genes Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland in Dogs by Real-time PCR

Nassiri

Hosseini

Ghovvati

et al. 2018

CPPM

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Background: Estrogen and progesterone play a key role in mammary tumorigenesis of female dogs. Malignant tumors are considered hormone-dependent neoplasms, which may reappear after surgical removal or might spread to other organs such as liver, lymph nodes, and lungs. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor α and ß genes in normal and neoplastic mammary glands of female dogs. Method: Ten neoplastic tumors (benign and malignant) and 10 normal samples were selected. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, ERα and ERβ genes were amplified by Real-time PCR based on SYBR green related to β-actin reference gene. Result: The obtained C t and ∆C t values were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS software v9.2. The results showed that the expression of ERα and ERβ genes in neoplastic cases was over-and down-expressed respectively as compared with normal samples (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings indicated that these genes could be used as reference genes for screening and also for early diagnosis of patients, and this method could be helpful for patient selection and monitoring of the anti-estrogen therapy.

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Section: Fig (5) Plot Of Logarithmic Fold Change Expression Of Er-αmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor α and ß Genes Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland in Dogs by Real-time PCR

Nassiri

Hosseini

Ghovvati

et al. 2018

CPPM

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“…In dogs, studies demonstrate the higher risk of clot abnormalities when associated to progression of mammary carcinomas [8]. Studies in veterinary medicine demonstrates that neoplasia were a common concurrent condition associated to thrombosis, and in dogs with distant metastasis had significantly higher fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations compared to dogs with local disease [10,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemorrhagic Stroke in a Dog with Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Mammary Gland

Cecco

Lorenzett

Vargas

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland is considered a highly invasive and malignant neoplasia, which usually leads to neoplastic thrombosis and epidermal ulceration due to invasiveness of lymphatic vessels by tumor emboli. Loss of epidermal barrier predisposes to secondary bacterial infection, mainly by commensal bacteria of the skin, and septicemia can be observed in cases of systemic dissemination. Neoplastic emboli and septic thrombi can lead to vascular obstruction, which can predispose to infarction in multiple organs. The aim of this case report is to describe a case of hemorrhagic stroke in a dog with anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland.Case: a 12-year-old, mixed breed, female spayed canine presented with mammary tumor with plaque formation, associated with skin ulceration which extended to the medial region of pelvic limbs. The animal also displayed neurologic clinical signs characterized by stupor, opisthotonos and apathy. Due to poor prognosis, the canine was euthanized and submitted to necropsy. During external examination, the animal was in a good body condition, had moderately pale mucosae, and it was noted a nodular plaque in the abdominal ventral area extending from thoracic to inguinal mammary gland. The mass was firm and white, extensively ulcerated, and extending from the thoracic to inguinal mammary gland. There was a well circumscribed area of infarction in the spleen and kidney. In the cerebral cortex it was observed an extensive area of hemorrhage with adhered blood clot from frontal to temporal lobe. There were multiple well circumscribed, firm, and white areas in the myocardium. Histologically, the neoplastic proliferation was composed by epithelial cells with high pleomorphism, features of malignancy, and no delimitations, leading to the diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland. Admixed with tumor cells there were multiple areas of hemorrhage, necrosis and thrombosis. In the cerebral cortex there was a focally extensive area of hemorrhage, multifocal thrombosis, abundant amount of gitter cells, and moderate perivascular inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes. There was neoplastic infiltrate in the bladder, adrenal glands, and lungs. There were multiple areas of necrosis and thrombosis in spleen and heart. Bacterial examination was performed in fragments of cerebral cortex and kidney, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated.Discussion: anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland has an epithelial origin and is considered the most malignant neoplasm with worst prognosis due to its characteristic of high cellular pleomorphism and the ability of invasiveness of vessels and adjacent tissues. Therapeutic options are scarce and palliative, and surgical removal is not indicated. Dermal ulceration usually is infected by opportunistic bacteria that can lead to inflammation and pain, and treatment in these cases is focused on pain management with analgesics. The bacterial infection can evolve to septicemia with decrease of endogenous anticoagulants and consequent blood hypercoagulability. Moreover, studies demonstrate the higher risk of clotting abnormalities when associated to progression of mammary carcinomas, which includes anaplastic carcinoma of the mammary gland. In this study, two causes which may have led to thromboembolism and cerebral hemorrhage are discussed: septicemia after invasion of lymphatic vessels by the anaplastic carcinoma or hypercoagulability caused by the systemic neoplasia, which could have reduce the blood flow to vessels of the cerebral cortex.

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“…Meme tümörleri dişi köpeklerde sıklıkla teşhis edilmekte 1,6,10 , erkek köpeklerde ise daha nadir olarak gözlenmektedir 1,3,8,12 . Köpeklerde meme tümörlerine daha çok 8-12 yaş aralığında (ortalama 5 yaşından büyüklerde) rastlanmaktadır 1,3 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Anaplastik karsinomalar en malign karaktere sahip olan epitel kökenli tümörlerdir. Ade-nokarsinoma, solid karsinoma, skuamoz hücreli karsinoma ya da musinoz karsinoma gibi tümörlerden farklı olarak, tümörün hangi hücreden köken aldığı tam olarak belirlenemez 1,6,9 . Anaplastik karsinomalar köpeklerde diffuz ve invaziv karakterde olup, özellikle bölgesel lenf nodüllerine ve akciğerlere metastaz yapma eğilimindedir 1,[4][5][6]9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Erkek Bir Köpekte Meme Bezinde Anaplastik Karsinoma Olgusu

Aslan

Çeşme

Mutlu

et al. 2017

Uludağ Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Özet: Dokuz yaşlı, erkek, Rottweiler ırkı bir köpek, sağ ikinci torakal meme lobunda büyüme şikayetiyle kliniklerimize getirildi. Klinik olarak sağ torakal 2. papilla mamma yaklaşık 5x4×3 cm boyutlarında, ostium papillare ise ülseratif ve enfekteydi. Toraksın radyografisinde metastazı ortaya koyacak herhangi bir bulguya rastlanmadı. Ultrasonografik muayenede meme dokusu heterojen bir görünüme sahipti ve hiperekoik bir alan ile çevriliydi. Genel anestezi altında ilgili meme lobunun mastektomisi gerçekleştirildi. Histopatolojik incelemede meme bezi epitel hücrelerinin yer yer solid ve papiller tarzda ürediği ve hücrelerde mitotik aktivitenin oldukça yüksek olduğu gözlendi. Bu bulgulara dayanarak kitleye anaplastik karsinoma tanısı konuldu. Erkek köpeklerde nadir olarak gözlenen anaplastik meme bezi karsinoması bu olgu sunumu ile rapor edilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Erkek köpek, meme bezi, anaplastik karsinoma. Abstract:A 9 year-old, male, Rottweiler was presented to our clinic with the complaint of abnormal growth in the second, right thoracal mammary lobe. Clinically, the second thoracic papilla mamma was about 5x4×3 cm in size, and ostium papillare was ulcerative and infected. Radiography of the thorax revealed no findings indicative of metastasis. Ultrasonographical examination revealed that mammary tissue had heterogeneous appearance and was surrounded by hyperechoic areas. The mastectomy of the mammary lobe was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed solid and papillary proliferations of glandular epithelia and a high mitotic activity. A diagnosis of anaplastic mammary carcinoma was made based on these findings. Anaplastic mammary gland carcinomas are rarely encountered in male dogs and one incident is reported in this case presen-tation.

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Canine mammary anaplastic carcinoma with concurrent aorto-iliac thrombosis in a dog: a case report

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor α and ß Genes Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland in Dogs by Real-time PCR

Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor α and ß Genes Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland in Dogs by Real-time PCR

Hemorrhagic Stroke in a Dog with Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Mammary Gland

Erkek Bir Köpekte Meme Bezinde Anaplastik Karsinoma Olgusu

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