Canine pancytopoenia in a Mediterranean region: a retrospective study of 119 cases (2005 to 2013)

Frezoulis, Petros S; Angelidou, Elisavet; Karnezi, D.; Oikonomidis, Ioannis L.; Kritsepi‐Konstantinou, Maria; Kasabalis, D.; Mylonakis, Mathios E.

doi:10.1111/jsap.12647

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Preliminary data, published in a proceeding abstract, indicated that approximately 39.2% of dogs diagnosed with leishmaniosis were concurrently exposed to E canis in Greece . The clinical and clinicopathologic manifestations of CME could overlap substantially with those of canine leishmaniosis and other vector‐borne diseases, complicating the diagnosis . In this study, the lack of an association between E canis seropositivity and L infantum infection in sick dogs, minimizes the possibility of a confounding effect of the latter between E canis seropositivity and the evaluated clinicopathologic abnormalities.…”

Section: The Associations Between the Presence Of Anti‐ehrlichia Canimentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Numerous clinicopathologic abnormalities including anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, and hyperproteinemia were associated with E canis seropositivity in this study, and seropositive dogs had lower HCTs, and WBC and platelet counts compared with the seronegative dogs. All of those changes have been consistently described in CME, and they could represent clinically relevant indicators of exposure to or active infection by E canis . In contrast, Costa et al (2007) found no association between HCTs and E canis seropositivity …”

Section: The Associations Between the Presence Of Anti‐ehrlichia Canimentioning

confidence: 92%

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Ehrlichia canis in a hospital canine population

Chochlios

Angelidou

Kritsepi‐Konstantinou

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Ehrlichia canis (E canis) is the principal cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) and the only Ehrlichia spp that has been identified in the dogs of Europe. 1 Clinical recovery is the expected outcome of acutely infected dogs entering the subclinical phase, which could last several months to years; however, an unpredictable proportion of dogs will eventually develop the chronic phase, typically characterized by aplastic pancytopenia and a high mortality. 2 Fever, depression, anorexia, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, mucosal pallor, ocular abnormalities, bleeding tendencies, and thrombocytopenia or bi-pancytopenia are common clinical and hematologic findings in CME. 1,2 The indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and several in-clinic assays have enabled the comprehensive evaluation of exposure to E canis in dogs living in or traveling across endemic areas. 3 Several Abstract Background: Ehrlichia canis (E canis) infection has been documented in a few small canine case series in Greece. However, there is limited information on the prevalence of exposure to, or the potential risk factors associated with E canis seroreactivity in a large native canine population. Objectives:The objectives of this study were to evaluate E canis seroprevalence in dogs admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital, and to investigate the potential association between seropositivity and signalment, health status, the serologic assays used, and selected clinical and clinicopathologic abnormalities. Methods:The medical records of 850 client-owned dogs, tested using three in-office serologic assays, were retrospectively reviewed. Results:The E canis seroprevalence was significantly higher in sick (54.9%) compared with healthy (33.9%) dogs. Seropositivity differed significantly between the serologic assays used in this study (ImmunoComb vs SNAP 3Dx/SNAP 4Dx). Dogs presenting with bleeding tendencies, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, and hyperproteinemia were more likely to be E canis seropositive, and the median hematocrit (HCT), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and platelet values were significantly lower in seropositive compared with seronegative dogs. Conclusions:A high E canis seroprevalence was documented in a canine population living in an endemic area. Selected clinicopathologic variables might be useful indicators of E canis exposure and could allow the prioritization of serologic testing in the clinical setting. K E Y W O R D Sdog, monocytic ehrlichiosis, serology

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Section: The Associations Between the Presence Of Anti‐ehrlichia Canimentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: The Associations Between the Presence Of Anti‐ehrlichia Canimentioning

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Ehrlichia canis in a hospital canine population

Chochlios

Angelidou

Kritsepi‐Konstantinou

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…Thus, in endemic areas, CME should be a top differential for persistent lymphocytosis in the dog [49]. Aplastic pancytopenia typifi es the myelosuppressive CME and the latter may be the major cause of canine pancytopenia in endemic areas [51]. Pancytopenia with normocellular BM may occur in acute CME, and is easily amenable to medical treatment [38].…”

Section: Hematologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis: An Update on Diagnosis and Treatment

Mylonakis

Θεοδώρου

2017

Acta Veterinaria

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Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a tick-borne disease of worldwide distribution. The major causative agent is Ehrlichia canis, a gram-negative, obligate intracellular, pleomorphic bacterium of the genus Ehrlichia, which infects monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes, forming intracytoplasmic, membrane-bound bacterial aggregates, called morulae. After an incubation period of 8-20 days, the course of E. canis infection, can be sequentially divided into acute, subclinical and chronic phases, although these phases can hardly be distinguished in the clinical setting. Clinical recovery is the typical outcome of acutely infected dogs, entering the subclinical phase, during which they show no or minimal clinical signs and/or mild hematological abnormalities. Immunocompetent dogs may eliminate the infection during the acute or subclinical phases, but an unpredictable proportion of dogs will eventually develop the chronic phase, characterized by aplastic pancytopenia and high mortality, due to septicemia and/or severe bleeding. This article outlines briefl y the pathogenesis of CME due to E. canis, and more thoroughly reviews the recent scientifi c literature pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment of this devastating disease.

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“…We have read with keen interest the Letter to the Editor , commenting on our recent publication “Canine pancytopenia in a Mediterranean region: a retrospective study of 119 cases (2005‐2013) (Frezoulis et al . ) and thank you for giving us the opportunity to elaborate further on this issue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%