Canine Vaginal Leiomyoma Diagnosed by CT Vaginourethrography

Weissman, Andrea; Jiménez, David; Torres, B C; Cornell, Karen K.; Holmes, Shannon P.

doi:10.5326/jaaha-ms-5922

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Vaginoscopy is very useful for visualisation of deep proliferative luminal lesions, although some large and obstructive masses cannot be easily evaluated. On abdominal radiographs, leiomyomas may be seen as ill-defined soft tissue masses in the ventral pelvic canal, causing dorsal displacement of the rectum [ 28 ]. Vaginal masses may extend to the perineum and be pedunculated [ 29 ].…”

Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also difficult to image the vagina with a perineal transcutaneous approach. Although not usually performed in small animals, transrectal ultrasound has been used to image a vaginal mass [ 28 ]. Leiomyomas, which are the most common vaginal neoplasia, may be visible as solid masses, moderately vascularised, with hyperechoic structures suggestive of necrosis or anechoic cavities [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT allows localisation of the anatomic site of origin due to its multiplanar imaging capabilities and improved contrast resolution. A CT of the caudal abdomen and perineum allowed assessment of the size and location of vaginal leiomyoma and fibroma [ 28 , 29 ]. Such tumours often appear as soft-tissue masses, moderately and heterogeneously contrast enhanced.…”

Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Canine Neoplastic Reproductive Disorders

Russo

Colella

Marino

2021

Animals

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Diagnostic imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis and management of reproductive neoplasia in dogs and cats. The initial diagnosis, staging, and planning of surgical and radiation treatment and the response to therapy all involve imaging to varying degrees. Routine radiographs, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, and cross-sectional imaging in the form of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are routinely used in canine reproductive disorders. The choice of imaging modality depends on many factors, including the level of referral and the pathological information required. The biological behaviour of the tumour also guides the choice of imaging in cancer staging, and imaging may play an important role in guiding serial tumour biopsy during the course of therapy. The sophistication of imaging modalities is increasing exponentially. Each modality has advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, availability, sensitivity, specificity, and qualities of anatomic versus functional imaging.

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Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Canine Neoplastic Reproductive Disorders

Russo

Colella

Marino

2021

Animals

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“…This additional surgical intervention is advised due to the oestrogendependent characteristics of vaginal leiomyomas (Brodey and Roszel, 1967;Thacher and Bradley, 1983;Kydd and Burnie, 1986). Compared to the 15%-recurrence rate in intact bitches, a zero-recurrence rate of leiomyomas has been observed when ovariohysterectomy is simultaneously performed at the time of the tumor removal (Nelissen and White, 2012;Saba and Lawrence, 2012;Weissman et al, 2013). Most benign tumors are good candidates for local resection via episiotomy given their biological behavior and because they are mostly pedunculated (Thacher and Bradley, 1983;Nelissen and White, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latex-casting of vessels relevant during vaginectomy in bitches

Vlam¹,

Pil²,

Schlake³

et al. 2020

VDT

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Vaginectomy is an infrequently performed invasive surgery to control vaginal disorders in bitches. Indications for vaginectomy include vaginal tumors (leiomyoma, fibroleiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma), polyps and vaginal prolapse. The surgical technique is a two-step procedure and consists of an extended laparotomy approach with caudal ovariohysterectomy followed by an episiotomy approach with removal and reconstruction of the vaginal wall. Although the surgery itself is invasive, the combined approach results in a favorable outcome with an apparently low risk of intra- and postoperative complications. During vaginectomy, traction is placed on the vagina and its supplying blood vessels via the episiotomy site. By means of a post-mortem study of five dogs, it was investigated if this traction resulted in damage or rupture of the supplying vessels. In this study, it was demonstrated that the uterine branch of the vaginal artery and the caudal vesical artery rupture during the traction phase of a vaginectomy via the episiotomy site. Rupture of these vessels might result in insufficient perfusion of the bladder and extensive intraabdominal and -pelvic bleeding.

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“…Canine leiomyomas are benign tumors arising from smooth muscle and are most commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract . These tumors may also occur in a variety of other locations including the heart, urinary system, uterus, mesosalpinx, vagina, trachea, and nasopharynx . Angioleiomyomas, uncommonly reported in dogs, arise from vascular smooth muscle and may occur in a variety of locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leiomyoma of the third eyelid in a dog

Mathes

Noble

Ellis

2015

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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A 14-year-old neutered male Dachshund presented for the evaluation of oculus dexter (OD) third eyelid elevation ongoing for approximately 2 months. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed a large, nonpainful, well-demarcated, soft mass at the base of the right third eyelid causing elevation and mild hyperemia. The mass was freely moveable with the third eyelid, and no right globe deviation was noted. No other abnormalities were noted on physical examination, routine blood chemistry, complete blood count, serum T4, urinalysis, or urine cortisol/creatinine ratio. Ocular B-mode ultrasonography showed an anechoic, well-demarcated, homogenous, soft tissue mass at the base of the third eyelid with no orbital extension. A leiomyoma was diagnosed after multiple punch biopsies were obtained from the palpebral surface of the mass. The right third eyelid was excised surgically. Histopathology confirmed a completely excised, nodular, unencapsulated, expansile mass within the third eyelid. Positive smooth muscle actin and negative S-100 immunohistochemistry confirmed a leiomyoma. Bundles of normal smooth muscle were also present adjacent to the mass. The mass was compressing the adjacent lacrimal gland and associated with moderate dacryoadenitis. Twelve months postoperatively, the right globe position and motility remain normal with no evidence of mass regrowth. To the author's knowledge, this is the first reported case of a leiomyoma of the third eyelid in any species. In this case, the mass was completely excised and no regrowth has occurred twelve months after surgery. This case along with independently reviewed canine third eyelids clearly demonstrates the presence of smooth muscle within the canine third eyelid.

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Canine Vaginal Leiomyoma Diagnosed by CT Vaginourethrography

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Imaging of Canine Neoplastic Reproductive Disorders

Imaging of Canine Neoplastic Reproductive Disorders

Latex-casting of vessels relevant during vaginectomy in bitches

Leiomyoma of the third eyelid in a dog

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