Leiomyoma of the third eyelid in a dog

Abstract

A 14-year-old neutered male Dachshund presented for the evaluation of oculus dexter (OD) third eyelid elevation ongoing for approximately 2 months. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed a large, nonpainful, well-demarcated, soft mass at the base of the right third eyelid causing elevation and mild hyperemia. The mass was freely moveable with the third eyelid, and no right globe deviation was noted. No other abnormalities were noted on physical examination, routine blood chemistry, complete blood count, serum T4, urinalysis, or urine cortisol/creatinine ratio. Ocular B-mode ultrasonography showed an anechoic, well-demarcated, homogenous, soft tissue mass at the base of the third eyelid with no orbital extension. A leiomyoma was diagnosed after multiple punch biopsies were obtained from the palpebral surface of the mass. The right third eyelid was excised surgically. Histopathology confirmed a completely excised, nodular, unencapsulated, expansile mass within the third eyelid. Positive smooth muscle actin and negative S-100 immunohistochemistry confirmed a leiomyoma. Bundles of normal smooth muscle were also present adjacent to the mass. The mass was compressing the adjacent lacrimal gland and associated with moderate dacryoadenitis. Twelve months postoperatively, the right globe position and motility remain normal with no evidence of mass regrowth. To the author's knowledge, this is the first reported case of a leiomyoma of the third eyelid in any species. In this case, the mass was completely excised and no regrowth has occurred twelve months after surgery. This case along with independently reviewed canine third eyelids clearly demonstrates the presence of smooth muscle within the canine third eyelid.

Leiomyoma in the nasal cavity of a dog

“…The most commonly reported locations include the uterus, the gastrointestinal tract and, less commonly, the skin (Horie et al 2001, Frost et al 2003, Liu & Mikaelian 2003, Tsobanidou 2006, Maas et al 2007, Gurung et al 2009, Saba and Lawrence 2013. Leiomyomas are rarely observed in the head and neck area (Tsobanidou 2006, Gurung et al 2009, Mathes et al 2015. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leiomyoma within the nasal cavity of a dog.…”

“…In humans, leiomyomas do not metastasise but may be locally expansive (Mathes et al 2015). These tumours carry a good prognosis and only a few cases of recurrence after complete excision have been described (Gurung et al 2009).…”

“…, Mathes et al . ). To our knowledge, this is the first report of leiomyoma within the nasal cavity of a dog.…”

A Rare Case of Osseous Metaplasia in Canine Leiomyoma and Plasticity of Smooth Muscle Cell

“…Leiomyoma is a slow-growing benign tumor which is originated from smooth muscle and commonly occurs in domestic and companion animals [4][5][6]. It is observed in various organs which are composed of smooth muscle such as the gastrointestinal tract [5], reproductive tract [7,8], urinary bladder [4], laryngopharynx [9], eyelid [10], and skin [11]. According to the histopathological fi ndings, leiomyoma is composed of homogeneous spindle cells with elongated and blunt-ended nuclei.…”

Splenic Leiomyoma in Dog

“…Cases of leiomyoma were also reported in dog oesophagus [4]. Rarely this types of tumors can be localized in the kidney [5], the third eyelid [6] or the heart [7]. In women of reproductive age, leiomyoma is one of the most common tumors of the myometrium, but the etiology of these tumors is not understood [8], [9].…”