Cannabis use, other substance use, and co-occurring mental health concerns among youth presenting for substance use treatment services: Sex and age differences

Hawke, Lisa D.; Koyama, Emiko; Henderson, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2018.05.001

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The need to consider mental health symptomology is a particularly important one. These findings concur with previous studies showing that young adults who experience substance‐related problems also experience co‐occurring mental health concerns (Hawke et al, 2018). Furthermore, results from the current study indicate a dysregulation in motivational processes, such that elevations in mental health symptomology or smoking might be associated with greater alcohol demand, greater delayed discounting, and a disproportionate reliance on substance‐related reinforcement compared to alternative forms of reinforcement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Latent Profile Analysis of Heavy Episodic Drinking in Emerging Adults: A Reinforcer Pathology Approach

Minhas

Oshri

Amlung

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Heavy episodic drinking (HED) is a major public health problem among emerging adults (individuals 18 to 25), but with considerable heterogeneity in concurrent substance use and psychopathology. The current study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to detect discrete subgroups of HED based on alcohol, other drug severity, and concurrent psychopathology. A reinforcer pathology approach was used to understand motivational differences among the latent subgroups. Methods: Participants were 2 samples of emerging adults reporting regular HED, 1 Canadian (n = 730) and 1 American (n = 602). Indicators for the LPA were validated dimensional self-report assessments of alcohol severity, cannabis severity, other drug severity, nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Reinforcer pathology indicators were measures of alcohol demand, proportionate substance-related reinforcement, and discounting of future rewards. Results: The LPA yielded parallel 3-class solutions in both samples. The largest subgroup was characterized by comparatively low substance severity and psychopathology (Low overall severity). The second largest subgroup was characterized by comparatively high alcohol and other drug severity (excluding tobacco) and high levels of psychopathology (Heavy alcohol & high psychiatric severity). The third subgroup exhibited high alcohol, smoking and intermediate levels of other substance use and psychopathology (Heavy alcohol, smoking, & intermediate psychiatric severity). The Heavy alcohol & high psychiatric severity and Heavy alcohol, smoking, & intermediate psychiatric severity subgroups exhibited significantly higher alcohol demand, greater proportionate substance-related reinforcement, and steeper delay discounting. Conclusions: Parallel latent subgroups of emerging adults engaging in HED were present in both samples, and the high-risk subgroups were significantly differentiated by the reinforcer pathology indicators. These latent profiles may ultimately inform heterogeneity in the longitudinal course of HED in emerging adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Latent Profile Analysis of Heavy Episodic Drinking in Emerging Adults: A Reinforcer Pathology Approach

Minhas

Oshri

Amlung

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The sample was recruited from existing participant pools in four studies operating out of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This included a clinical cohort of youth participating in mental health and substance use research in Toronto, Ontario (Hawke, Koyama, & Henderson, 2018; Henderson et al, 2017; N = 276) and a nonclinical cohort of youth participating in a longitudinal cohort study across Ontario (Henderson et al, 2019; N = 346). More details on the participants and procedures can be found in the companion manuscript presenting the initial mental health and substance use findings (Hawke et al, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on youth mental health among youth with physical health challenges

Hawke

Monga

Korczak

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim To examine mental health in conjunction with physical health during the COVID‐19 pandemic among youth with physical health conditions compared to those without. Methods A cross‐sectional survey of 622 youth aged 14 to 28 was conducted. Analyses were conducted to understand the changes in mental and physical health among youth in four groups: (a) participants with a friend or family member diagnosed with COVID‐19, (b) participants with symptoms associated with COVID‐19, (c) participants with atopic conditions (asthma and allergies), and (d) participants with other preexisting physical health conditions. Results Many participants with physical health concerns met screening criteria for an internalizing disorder, which was significantly higher than the rate found among participants without physical health conditions. Significantly greater declines in self‐reported mental health were observed during the COVID‐19 period compared to 3 months earlier among youth reporting physical health concerns compared to those without physical health concerns. Substance use does not appear to have been affected. Conclusions Mental health concerns are highly prevalent among youth with physical health concerns, and also appear to be exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Physical health concerns appear to constitute risk factors for heightened mental health responses to the pandemic situation. System planners striving to adapt mental health services to meet social/physical distancing recommendations are urged to consider youth with physical health conditions and ensure that adequate integrated mental health and physical health supports are available to them.

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“…A total of 622 participants aged 14 to 28 (M ¼ 20.6, standard deviation [SD] ¼ 2.4) were recruited across 4 existing participant cohorts based at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, Ontario: (1) The YouthCan IMPACT study, 18 a clinical sample from an ongoing randomized controlled trial examining youth MHSU treatment pathways; (2) youth participating in research at the Youth Addiction and Concurrent Disorders Service, 19 an outpatient clinical service; (3) a clinical sample of youth recruited across CAMH specialty clinics, participating in a longitudinal study evaluating mental health symptoms, cognition, and functioning; and (4) participants of the Research and Action for Teens longitudinal cohort study, 20 a community sample of youth across the province of Ontario, Canada. A total of 2,025 youth across the 4 cohorts were invited to participate in the survey (804 clinical, 1221 community), yielding a response rate of 30.7% in a 3-week recruitment period.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of COVID-19 on Youth Mental Health, Substance Use, and Well-being: A Rapid Survey of Clinical and Community Samples: Répercussions de la COVID-19 sur la santé mentale, l’utilisation de substances et le bien-être des adolescents : un sondage rapide d’échantillons cliniques et communautaires

et al. 2020

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Objectives: The current novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a time-sensitive opportunity to rapidly enhance our knowledge about the impacts of public health crises on youth mental health, substance use, and well-being. This study examines youth mental health and substance use during the pandemic period. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 622 youth participants across existing clinical and community cohorts. Using the National Institute of Mental Health-developed CRISIS tool and other measures, participants reported on the impacts of COVID-19 on their mental health, substance use, and other constructs. Results: Reports of prepandemic mental health compared to intrapandemic mental health show a statistically significant deterioration of mental health across clinical and community samples ( P < 0.001), with greater deterioration in the community sample. A total of 68.4% of youth in the clinical sample and 39.9% in the community sample met screening criteria for an internalizing disorder. Substance use declined in both clinical and community samples ( P < 0.001), although 23.2% of youth in the clinical sample and 3.0% in the community sample met screening criteria for a substance use disorder. Participants across samples report substantial mental health service disruptions (48.7% and 10.8%) and unmet support needs (44.1% and 16.2%). Participants report some positive impacts, are using a variety of coping strategies to manage their wellness, and shared a variety of ideas of strategies to support youth during the pandemic. Conclusions: Among youth with histories of mental health concerns, the pandemic context poses a significant risk for exacerbation of need. In addition, youth may experience the onset of new difficulties. We call on service planners to attend to youth mental health during COVID-19 by bolstering the accessibility of services. Moreover, there is an urgent need to engage young people as coresearchers to understand and address the impacts of the pandemic and the short, medium, and long terms.

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Cannabis use, other substance use, and co-occurring mental health concerns among youth presenting for substance use treatment services: Sex and age differences

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Latent Profile Analysis of Heavy Episodic Drinking in Emerging Adults: A Reinforcer Pathology Approach

Latent Profile Analysis of Heavy Episodic Drinking in Emerging Adults: A Reinforcer Pathology Approach

Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on youth mental health among youth with physical health challenges

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