Canola oil/glycerol mixtures in a continously operated FCC pilot plant and comparison with vacuum gas oil/glycerol mixtures

Büchele, Marco; Swoboda, Matthias; Reichhold, Alexander; Höfer, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2019.107553

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies have shown that fatty acids and vegetable oils are good feeds for bio-BTX production, examples are the use of oleic acid 36 and glycerol blended with canola oil. 37 In total, 13 different glycerol – co-feeds at different blending ratios were tested in this study using a technical H-ZSM-5/Al 2 O 3 catalyst 27,36 in a fixed bed reactor at times on stream (TOS) between 8.5–12 h. We particularly aimed to determine synergetic effects between glycerol and the co-feed on catalyst performance including peak BTX yields, catalyst productivity, and regenerability. Besides, using catalytic pyrolysis integrated with GC-Orbitrap MS, we also show the distribution of the C and H of the co-feeds in the products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of glycerol and co-feeds (fatty acids, alcohols, and alkanes) to bio-based aromatics: remarkable and unprecedented synergetic effects on catalyst performance

Kramer

Santosa

et al. 2022

Green Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic conversion of glycerol and co-feeds (fatty acids, alcohols, and alkanes) to bio-based aromatics: remarkable and unprecedented synergetic effects on catalyst performance

Kramer

Santosa

et al. 2022

Green Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is a highly versatile process, enabling it to convert low-value feedstocks and heavy residues to produce high-octane gasoline, making it an ideal candidate for processing new alternative feedstocks 4 . This versatility has been researched in the past with different alternative feedstocks like Fischer-Tropsch-waxes and vegetable oils 5 – 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-feeding of vacuum gas oil and pinewood-derived hydrogenated pyrolysis oils in a fluid catalytic cracking pilot plant to generate olefins and gasoline

Buechele¹,

Lutz²,

Knaus³

et al. 2021

Open Res Europe

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The Waste2Road project exploits new sustainable pathways to generate biogenic fuels from waste materials, deploying existing industrial scale processes. One such pathway is through pyrolysis of wood wastes. Methods: The hereby generated pyrolysis liquids were hydrogenated prior to co-feeding in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) pilot plant. So-called stabilized pyrolysis oil (SPO) underwent one mild hydrogenation step (max. 200 °C) whereas the stabilized and deoxygenated pyrolysis oil (SDPO) was produced in two steps, a mild one (maximum 250 °C) prior to a more severe process step (350 °C). These liquids were co-fed with vacuum gas oil (VGO) in an FCC pilot plant under varying riser temperatures (530 and 550 °C). The results of the produced hydrocarbon gases and gasoline were benchmarked to feeding pure VGO. Results: It was proven that co-feeding up to 10 wt% SPO and SDPO is feasible. However, further experiments are recommended for SPO due to operational instabilities originating from pipe clogging. SPO led to an increase in the hydrocarbon gas production from 45.0 to 46.3 wt% at 550 °C and no significant changes at 530 °C. SDPO led to a rise in gasoline yield at both riser temperatures. The highest amount of gasoline was produced when SDPO was co-fed at a 530 °C riser temperature, with values around 44.8 wt%. Co-feeding hydrogenated pyrolysis oils did not lead to a rise in sulfur content in the gasoline fractions. The highest values were around 18 ppm sulfur content. Instead, higher amounts of nitrogen were observed in the gasoline. Conclusions: SPO and SDPO proved to be valuable co-refining options which led to no significant decreases in product quality. Further experiments are encouraged to determine the maximum possible co-feeding rates. As a first step, 20-30 wt% for SPO are recommended, whereas for SDPO 100 wt% could be achievable.

show abstract

“…FCC is a catalytic process transforming large molecules of petroleum feedstocks to lighter ones, compatible with gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuels. Co-processing of FCC petroleum feedstocks with oxygenated molecules, such as those obtained from biomass processing [14,[19][20] and triglycerides from vegetable oils [21], has been reported. Results showed that up to 10 mass % of oxygenated molecules can be added to petroleum cuts without decreasing the yields of useful products [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the cracking process, FCC catalysts that contain acidic zeolites as active phase are permanently deactivated and regenerated. The addition of controlled amounts of oxygenated molecules during cracking seems ineffective in decreasing the lifetime of the catalysts [19,21]. Therefore, it can be important to further study the cracking of other oxygenated molecules such as fatty acid ester under conditions close to that of FCC process [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxygenation of Oleic Acid Methyl Ester in FCC Process Conditions Over Protonated and Sodium Exchanged Y and ZSM-5 Zeolites

Padilha

Fréty

Santos

et al. 2021

Waste Biomass Valor

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One way to take advantage from out of speci cation biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage is to co-process them in a uidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The present work deals with the cracking of oleic acid methyl ester (OAME) as a biodiesel model, under conditions close to that of FCC process over ZSM-5 and Y zeolites, either in protonated or sodium forms, for the production of deoxygenated compounds. Catalytic fast cracking of OAME pre-adsorbed on the catalyst surface was performed, with a catalyst:OAME mass ratio of 10:1 in a micro-pyrolysis system at 650°C, coupled to a GC/MS for on line analysis of the products. Results show that the cracking of OAME without a catalyst favored the formation of linear alkenes and polyenes. Fast cracking of OAME over HZSM-5 and HY acidic zeolites led to the production of aromatics, due to hydrogen transfer. Cracking over NaY and HY zeolites produced remarkable amounts of rami ed saturated hydrocarbons. The formation of alkylated hydrocarbons was not signi cant over ZSM-5 zeolite probably due to a small pore size of this zeolite.NaY catalyst favored the production of hydrocarbons in the range of kerosene (C8-C12). Low acidic zeolites favored the production of non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Product distribution was affected by catalyst shape selectivity and acidity. These results show that residues from the biodiesel chain can be directly co-processed in FCC units to obtain high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges. Statement Of NoveltyThis work shows that oleic acid methyl ester as a model of residues from off-spec biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage can be directly co-processed in a FCC unit, using ZSM-5 and Y zeolites as catalysts in H-and Na-form. The use of such residues in FCC process can promote the production o high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges. These results may be of great interest to the growing market for renewable jet fuel since the aviation industry is committed to reduce CO2 emissions towards zero net carbon emissions. To the best of our knowledge, such a systematic study has not been reported yet.

show abstract

Canola oil/glycerol mixtures in a continously operated FCC pilot plant and comparison with vacuum gas oil/glycerol mixtures

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Catalytic conversion of glycerol and co-feeds (fatty acids, alcohols, and alkanes) to bio-based aromatics: remarkable and unprecedented synergetic effects on catalyst performance

Catalytic conversion of glycerol and co-feeds (fatty acids, alcohols, and alkanes) to bio-based aromatics: remarkable and unprecedented synergetic effects on catalyst performance

Co-feeding of vacuum gas oil and pinewood-derived hydrogenated pyrolysis oils in a fluid catalytic cracking pilot plant to generate olefins and gasoline

Deoxygenation of Oleic Acid Methyl Ester in FCC Process Conditions Over Protonated and Sodium Exchanged Y and ZSM-5 Zeolites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About