Capacidad antioxidante del fruto de la Opuntia apurimacensis (ayrampo) y de la Opuntia ficus-indica (tuna)

Abstract

ResumenIntroducción. En la tuna existen compuestos antioxidantes, pero, se desconoce si hay en el ayrampo. Objetivo. Determinar la capacidad antioxidante de Opuntia apurimacensis (ayrampo) y de Opuntia ficus-indica (tuna). Diseño. Estudio analítico observacional. Lugar. Laboratorio de Bioquímica Clínica y Nutricional, Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Material biológico. Fruta fresca (ff) de Opuntia apurimacensis (ayrampo) y Opuntia ficusindica (tuna). Intervenciones. En los extractos acuosos se realizaron determinaciones de vitamina C, polifenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante (FRAP). Los resultados se analizaron mediante la prueba de Mann-Whitney, con 95% de confianza. Principales medidas de resultados. Concentración de vitamina C y polifenoles totales; capacidad antioxidante. Resultados. El ayrampo presentó mayor concentración de vitamina C (49,9 y 36,1 mg de ácido ascórbico/100 g ff), mayor concentración de polifenoles totales (107,3 y 68,7 mg de equivalente ácido gálico/100 g ff) y mayor capacidad antioxidante (1,1 y 0,7 mmoles de Fe-II/100 g ff) que la tuna. El ayrampo mostró mayor correlación entre la capacidad antioxidante y la vitamina C (0,91 y 0,56), mientras que, la tuna tuvo mayor correlación entre la capacidad antioxidante y los polifenoles totales (0,98 y 0,82). Conclusiones. El ayrampo presentó mayor capacidad antioxidante que la tuna. Palabras clave. Ayrampo; Tuna; Vitamina C; Polifenoles totales; Capacidad Antioxidante. Abstract Introduction. The cactus pear contains antioxidant compounds, but it is unknown if these exist in the ayrampo. Objective. To determine the antioxidant capacity of Opuntia apurimacensis (ayrampo) and Opuntia ficus-indica (cactus pear). Design. Analytical observational study. Location. Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Biological material. Fresh fruit (ff) of both Opuntia apurimacensis (ayrampo) and Opuntia ficus-indica (cactus pear). Interventions. Determination of vitamin C, polyphenols and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were performed in both fruits aqueous extracts. Results were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test with 95% confidence. Main outcome measures. Concentration of vitamin C and polyphenols; antioxidant capacity (FRAP). Results. Compared to the cactus pear, ayrampo presented the highest concentration of vitamin C (49.9 and 36.1 mg ascorbic acid/100 g ff), highest concentration of total polyphenols (107.3 and 68.7 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g ff) and highest antioxidant capacity (1.1 and 0.7 mmol of Fe-II/100 g ff). Ayrampo showed the highest correlation between antioxidant capacity and vitamin C (0.91 and 0.56), and the prickly pear the higher correlation between antioxidant capacity and total polyphenols (0.98 and 0.82). Conclusions. Ayrampo showed higher antioxidant capacity compared to cactus pear.

Secondary Metabolites of Edible Cacti (Cactaceae) from the South American Andes

“…The peel of purple prickly pear (18.50 mg/mL) presented greater antioxidant activity against the radical DPPH compared with the remaining tissues of the yellow prickly pear (16.73-27.99 mg/mL). In contrast, Jorge and Troncoso [62] found that the antioxidant capacity was provided by vitamin C, its contribution is greater than 50% of the total antioxidant capacity of the prickly pear. Prickly pears have pulps and peels of different colors.…”

“…In a study conducted by Jorge and Troncoso [62] on red prickly pears collected in Huancavelica (Peru), the vitamin C content was 36.1 mg/100 g. Similarly, Monroy-Gutiérrez et al [63] the vitamin C content in the cultivars "Rojo Pelón" and "Liso Forrajero" (both red prickly pears) ranged from 42.54 to 16.00 mg/100 mg, where the highest value was presented 21 days after evaluation in the "Rojo Pelón" variety (Table 11).…”

Efecto hepatoprotector y actividad antioxidante del extracto hidroalcohólico del fruto de dos variedades de Opuntia megacantha “tuna”

“…La actividad antioxidante encontrada en ambas variedades de tuna, es por su contenido de fenoles y flavonoides, lo cual está en relación con el trabajo realizado en el fruto de Opuntia ficus indica, donde se reporta la actividad antioxidante por su contenido de vitamina C y polifenoles 24 .…”

Generation of PVP Membranes Using Extracts/Phenolic Fraction of Dysphania ambrosioides, Opuntia ficus-indica, and Tradescantia pallida

“…Opuntia ficus-indica , commonly known as nopal, is a shrub species of the genus Opuntia of the cactus family, widely consumed in Mexico, which has been documented with anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, stomach ulceration inhibitory, neuroprotective, and antioxidant properties. It has also been used to treat diabetes, burns, bronchial problems, asthma, and indigestion [ 31 , 32 ]. Tradescantia pallida is a species of herbaceous and perennial plant endemic to Mexico, used mainly ornamentally; however, it has been used in the biomonitoring of contamination through the frequency of micronuclei (somatic mutations induced by carcinogens), in addition to having antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective activity [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”