Capillary electrophoresis analysis of biofluids with a focus on less commonly analyzed matrices

Lloyd, David K.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.01.058

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Therefore, use of saliva was, perhaps, limited to analyses of samples for diagnostic and forensic-toxicological specimens. A recent review covers the capillary electrophoresis analysis of several biofluids emphasizing the less commonly analyzed matrices, incuding saliva, sweat, amniotic fluid and synovial fluid (Lloyd, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of xenobiotics in saliva: is saliva an attractive alternative matrix? Case studies and analytical perspectives

Mullangi

Agrawal

Srinivas³

2008

Biomedical Chromatography

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The use of saliva for measuring xenobiotic concentrations has been practiced for a number of years. While the use of saliva has been generally reserved for the analysis of diagnostic and forensic/toxicology samples, attempts have been made to further enhance the value of saliva as an alternate matrix to those of plasma and serum. It is understood that saliva represents a handy tool for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) as it offers certain distinctive advantages. This scope of this review encompasses the following: (a) a comprehensive view of saliva as an alternate matrix for either plasma or serum to understand the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) characteristics; (b) an account of the factors contributing to the observed variability in salivary monitoring; (c) a tabular compilation of diverse case studies of xenobitoics belonging to different therapeutic classes with emphasis on assay methodology and applicable analytical/biopharmaceutical/pharmacokinetic findings; (d) relevant thoughts on assay procedures as they relate to salivary monitoring; and (e) some representative case studies highlighting the new thinking on the use of saliva outside of traditional TDM. Overall, based on the review, saliva represents a valuable TDM tool for a number of xenobiotics. While parent compound and phase I metabolite(s) for many xenobiotics have been generally quantifiable in saliva, phase II metabolites have not generally been detected in saliva. Therefore saliva samples could also be used to answer some specific PK/PD questions during the drug development process, if applicable. However, the development and validation of the assay in saliva needs to be carried out carefully with particular focus on proper sample collection, processing and storage to ensure the stability of the xenobiotics and with the same rigor as applied to plasma, serum and urine matrices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of xenobiotics in saliva: is saliva an attractive alternative matrix? Case studies and analytical perspectives

Mullangi

Agrawal

Srinivas³

2008

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Thus the composition of any biological sample plays a significant role in determining the choice of which CE analytical approach to take. (Lloyd, 2008) A. Urine Urine is a human fluid that is non-invasive to obtain. Samples can be easily collected and usually there is an abundance of sample available.…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a low protein concentration compared to other biofluids, CSF may be considered more analysis friendly matrix than plasma. (Lloyd, 2008) However, due to the invasive nature of sampling this fluid, analyses are limited. Steinberg et al used CE to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in cluster headaches, by measuring their oxidation products, nitrite and nitrate in CSF.…”

Section: Cerebrospinal Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sweat is an analytically friendly biofluid, with very low protein concentrations. (Lloyd, 2008). The analysis of sweat for cations, amines and amino acids was carried out by Hirokawa et al (Hirokawa et al, 2007) While CE coupled with UV detection was used to detect alkali and alkaline earth cations and other target analytes in three male samples, there was variability in the results, which were dependent on the individual and the sampling spots samples were obtained from.…”

Section: F Sweat and Vitreous Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Micro-Fluidic Devices for Biomarker Analysis in Human Biological Fluids

Kalish¹

2011

Biomedical Engineering, Trends, Research and Technologies

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“…CE methods appear to be particularly suitable for the analysis of biological liquids [1][2][3]. Measurement of various species and their concentrations in biofluids has already become a routine clinical practice of CE with the objective of identifying the metabolic disorder and disease in the early stage [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive profiling of biogenic amines in urine using CE with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration

Okada

Timerbaev

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

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A transient ITP-CZE system is proposed for the determination of biogenic amines in urine. The complete separation and identification of dopamine, tyramine (TA), tryptamine (T), serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and normetanephrine have been achieved in a twofold diluted urine sample (in which the analytes were below the LODs by normal CZE). The tITP preconcentration conditions were created by introducing a 30 mM solution of NaOH, containing 0.1% hydroxypropylcellulose (pH 6.5 adjusted with MES), and 0.1 M HCl before and after the sample zone to work as leading and terminating electrolytes, respectively. This allowed the LODs of direct UV absorption detection to be decreased down to the 10 -8 M level that is comparable with the sensitivity thresholds of LIF detection or inline SPE-CE. The RSDs of migration time and peak area for realbiofluid analysis were in the range of 0.1-4.5% and 0.8-16% (n 5 3), respectively. Quantification of dopamine, TA, T, and serotonin was performed using internal calibration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on probing urinal biogenic amines and their metabolites by tITP-CZE.

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Capillary electrophoresis analysis of biofluids with a focus on less commonly analyzed matrices

Cited by 36 publications

References 168 publications

Measurement of xenobiotics in saliva: is saliva an attractive alternative matrix? Case studies and analytical perspectives

Measurement of xenobiotics in saliva: is saliva an attractive alternative matrix? Case studies and analytical perspectives

Application of Micro-Fluidic Devices for Biomarker Analysis in Human Biological Fluids

Sensitive profiling of biogenic amines in urine using CE with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration

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