Capillary electrophoretic determination of alkali and alkaline-earth cations in various multiple electrolyte solutions for parenteral use

Koberda, Michael; Konkowski, Mary; Youngberg, Paula; Jones, William; Weston, Andrea

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(92)80086-a

Cited by 51 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, BGEs with different concentrations were tested (10, 20, 30, 50, 75 and 100 mM) to improve the resolution between sodium, calcium and magnesium. As shown in the literature, interactions of the analytes with BGE components could enhance selectivity in CE [4,5,7,8,17,21,26]. In these studies, a weak complexing agent (for example HIBA) was added to the BGE to modify the separation of the cations.…”

Section: Influence Of Acetate Concentration In the Bgementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, other analytical techniques are required. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with indirect UV detection was developed for the analysis of inorganic cations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], particularly sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, in TPN preparations [8,9]. These methods have been compared with flame atomic spectrometry and ion chromatography [1,9] and were found to be an acceptable alternative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in total parenteral nutrition formulations by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

Nussbaumer

Fleury-Souverain

Bouchoud

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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A simple method based on capillary electrophoresis with a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (CE-C(4)D) was developed for the determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in parenteral nutrition formulations. A hydro-organic mixture, consisting of 100 mM Tris-acetate buffer at pH 4.5 and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v), was selected as the background electrolyte. The applied voltage was 30 kV, and sample injection was performed in hydrodynamic mode. All analyses were carried out in a fused silica capillary with an internal diameter of 50 microm and a total length of 64.5 cm. Under these conditions, complete separation between all cations was achieved in less than 4 min. The CE-C(4)D method was validated, and trueness values between 98.6% and 101.8% were obtained with repeatability and intermediate precision values of 0.4-1.3% and 0.8-1.8%, respectively. Therefore, this method was found to be appropriate for controlling potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in parenteral nutrition formulations and successfully applied in daily quality control at the Geneva University Hospitals

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Section: Influence Of Acetate Concentration In the Bgementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in total parenteral nutrition formulations by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

Nussbaumer

Fleury-Souverain

Bouchoud

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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“…Kajiwara and co-workers [6] used a carrier solution containing EDTA or glycoletherdiamine-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (GEDTA) as a chelating agent for the determination of magnesium and calcium ions in wheat flour. Inorganic metal cations including magnesium and calcium ions were also separated by CZE with indirect UV detection [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and the technique was applied to the analyses of tap [14][15][16], drinking [17,18], mineral [16,18], rain [18] and waste [19] waters, acid-etching baths [14], beverages [14,20], Chinese tea infusions [21], standard reference material milk powder [22], apple vinegar [23], urines [24] and ocular lenses [25]. Wojtusik et al [26] achieved low g/l detection limits using indirect UV detection and electrostacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of magnesium and calcium ions in seawater by capillary zone electrophoresis

Fukushi

Hiiro

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Capillary zone electrophoresis is proposed for the determination of magnesium and calcium ions in seawater. A carrier solution containing EDTA was adopted for the complexation of these ions and the effect of sodium chloride concentration in the sample solutions on the results was examined. It was found that magnesium and calcium ions could be determined without any pretreatment by injecting 100-fold diluted seawater samples. Linear calibration graphs were obtained for standard solutions containing up to 10.0 mg/l of calcium ion when both peak area and peak height were used. On the other hand, a linear calibration graph was obtained for standard solutions containing up to 20.0 mg/l of magnesium ion when the peak area was used, while a curved one was obtained when the peak height was used. Relative standard deviations were 0.8 and 1.2% when a standard solution containing 5.0 mg/l of magnesium and 8.0 mg/l of calcium ions was analysed 8 times using the peak area. Limits of detection for magnesium and calcium ions were 0.13 and 0.26 mg/l, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of magnesium and calcium ions in surface and bottom seawater samples.

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“…6,7 Alternatively, up to 26 metal cations have been separated with parts-per-billion detection limits using indirect absorbance detection. [8][9][10][11] Regardless, the most sensitive detection scheme in CE is laser induced fluorescence (LIF). 12-14 CE-LIF determinations of metals typically use the 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS) fluorescent ligand shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

Vos

Lucy

2001

ANAL. SCI.

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Since the work of Jorgenson and Lukacs in the early 1980s, 1,2 capillary electrophoresis (CE) has experienced rapid growth and been applied to a wide array of analytes. The dominant area of application of CE has been for biomolecules. However, there has been a steady and increasing interest in using CE for the determination of metal ions. 3The attractive features of CE for metal ion determination are the same as those for other separations: its exceptional separation efficiency; its rapid separations; and its low mass detection limits. However, as with other types of analytes, the primary limitation of CE is its poor concentration detection limits. Most (85%) publications of CE for metal ions have used absorbance detection. 3 Unfortunately, few hydrated metal ions absorb significantly above 185 nm. Greater sensitivity is achieved by complexing the metal ions with a metallochromic dye. Examples include PAR for transition metals, 4 Arsenazo I for alkaline earth metals 5 and Arsenate III for lanthanides and uranium. 6,7 Alternatively, up to 26 metal cations have been separated with parts-per-billion detection limits using indirect absorbance detection. [8][9][10][11] Regardless, the most sensitive detection scheme in CE is laser induced fluorescence (LIF). 12-14 CE-LIF determinations of metals typically use the 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS) fluorescent ligand shown in Fig. 1 . Optimum excitation of the metal-HQS is at 393 nm with maximum emission in the 500 -520 nm range. 17 Fluorescence excitation of metal-HQS complexes separated by CE has been performed using the 325 nm HeCd laser line, 15,18,19 the 351.1 -364.8 nm lines of an argon ion laser 20 and with a broad band mercury-xenon lamp. 16 However, none of these excitation sources is ideal. They all are expensive and have limited lifetimes (∼5000 h). They are also relatively bulky, making them unattractive for miniaturized instruments. 19 Semiconductor or diode lasers are promising alternatives to conventional lasers. Diode lasers are cheap, require no maintenance, and have lifetimes approaching 50000 h. 21 These lasers are also extremely compact and can run off battery power.Further, the output stability of diode lasers is significantly better than that of conventional lasers (0.01% vs. 1% noise). 22 These properties suggest that diode lasers are ideally suited for LIF detection. In October of 1999, Nichia Corporation (Japan) launched the commercial sale of their InGaN-based violet laser diode.23-27 * The diode operates at 405 nm with a power output of 5 mW and has an estimated lifetime of 2000 to 5000 h. Such short wavelength semiconductor lasers have long been sought for applications such as full-color electroluminescent displays, laser printers, undersea optical communications and optical data storage. For instance, a violet diode laser would quadruple the data capacity of current DVD players.In addition to its applications in electronics and telecommunications, the violet diode laser offers tremendous potential for analytical chemistry. Recently, ...

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Capillary electrophoretic determination of alkali and alkaline-earth cations in various multiple electrolyte solutions for parenteral use

Cited by 51 publications

References 4 publications

Determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in total parenteral nutrition formulations by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

Determination of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in total parenteral nutrition formulations by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

Determination of magnesium and calcium ions in seawater by capillary zone electrophoresis

Violet Diode Laser for Metal Ion Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence

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