Capture and Release of Orthophosphate by Fe-Modified Biochars: Mechanisms and Environmental Applications

Bakshi, Santanu; Laird, David A.; Smith, Ryan G.; Brown, Robert C.

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06108

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the current study, the difference between manure Mehlich-P and manure-biochar suggests that the applied P in manure-biochar could be associated with the mineral phases of biochar or associated with biochar-OM, not evaluated or reported in this study. The lowest P content of Mehlich3-P in Fe-modified biochar among all manure-biochar treatments suggests a P sorption on oxy-hydroxide phases of Febiochar (Bakshi et al, 2019, Bakshi et al, 2021 was not extracted with Mehlich3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Swine Manure Impact on Soil Nutrients and Carbon Under Controlled Leaching Experiment Using a Midwestern Mollisols

Banik

Kozieł

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Biochar application to the soil can improve soil quality and nutrient leaching loss from swine manure adapted soils. Our working hypothesis was that the biochar-incubated with manure could be a better soil amendment than conventional manure application. The manure-biochar application to the soil would decrease nutrient leaching from manure and increase plant-available nutrients. The study objectives were to 1) assess the physicochemical properties of the manure-biochar mixture after lab incubation and 2) evaluate the impact of biochar-treated swine manure on soil total C, N, and other major and minor nutrients in comparison to conventional manure application to soil. Three biochars 1) neutral pH red-oak (RO), 2) highly alkaline autothermal corn (Zea mays) stover (HAP), and 3) mild acidic Fe-treated autothermal corn stover (HAPE) were incubated with swine manure for a month. The biochar-manure mixture was applied in triplicate to soil columns with an application rate determined by the P2O5-P content in manure or manure-biochar mixtures after the incubation. The ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3‒), and reactive P concentrations in soil column leachates were recorded for eight leaching events. Soil properties and plant-available nutrients were compared between treatments and control manure and soil. Manure-(HAP&HAPE) biochar treatments significantly increased soil organic matter (OM), and all biochar-manure mixture increased (numerically) soil total C, N, and improved soil bulk density. Concentrations of NH4+ and NO3‒ significantly increased in MHAPE column leachates during this 4-week study and the KCl-extractable NH4+ and NO3‒ in the soil at the end of the experiment. A significant reduction in soil Mehlich3 Cu was also observed for the manure-HAPE mixture compared with the manure control. The manure-red oak biochar significantly increased the soil Mn availability than other manure-biochar treatments or manure control. Overall, the manure-biochar incubation enabled biochar to stabilize the C and several nutrients from manure. The subsequent manure-biochar mixture application to soil improved soil quality and plant nutrient availability compared to conventional manure application. This proof-of-the-concept study suggests that biochars could be used to solve both environmental and agronomic challenges and further improve the sustainability of animal and crop production agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Swine Manure Impact on Soil Nutrients and Carbon Under Controlled Leaching Experiment Using a Midwestern Mollisols

Banik

Kozieł

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Manure application to soil significantly increased M3-P under both corn and soybean; besides, no biochar manure mixture treatments significantly increased the M3-P. A relatively low M3-P for MHAPE treatment among all biochar manure treatments under corn may have resulted from specific adsorption of soil-P onto the biochar Fe surface, making the P less available in the soil [16]. Allen and Mallarino (2008) [5] reported that multiple manure application in a conventional way overloads the soil P; however, the application of manure-biochar mixture in this research showed that it could lower plant-available P loss from soil and resolve manure management issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The high affinity of Fe oxide hydroxide for P [13,14] has inspired researchers to use Fe surfaces as P removing strategy from P contaminated systems [15]. These observations have also prompted surface-modified biochar research to enhance the sorption of oxyanions onto biochar surfaces via complexation and ligand exchange reactions to develop P removal or release strategies [16][17][18][19]. We recently reported that surface-modified Fe-biochar application also showed low soil heavy metal concentrations without compromising crucial plant-available soil nutrients upon manure application [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Biochar-Swine Manure Mixture to Conventional Manure Impact on Soil Nutrient Availability and Plant Uptake – A Greenhouse Study

Banik¹,

Kozieł²,

Bonds³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The use of swine manure as a source of plant nutrients is one alternative to synthetic fertilizers. However, conventional manure application with >90% water and a low C:N ratio results in soil C loss to the atmosphere. Our hypothesis was to use biochar as a manure nutrient stabilizer that would slowly release nutrients to plants upon biochar-swine manure mixture application to soil. The objectives were to evaluate the impact of biochar-treated swine manure on soil total C, N, and plant-available macro and micronutrients in greenhouse-cultivated corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Neutral pH red oak (RO), highly alkaline autothermal corn stover (HAP), and mild acidic Fe-treated autothermal corn stover (HAPE) biomass were pyrolyzed to prepare biochars. Each biochar was surface-applied to swine manure at a 1:4 (biochar wt/manure wt) ratio to generate mixtures of manure and respective biochars (MRO, MHAP, and MHAPE). Conventional manure (M) control and manure-biochar mixtures were then applied to the soil at a recommended rate. Corn and soybean were grown under these controls and treatments (S, M, MRO, MHAP, and MHAPE) to evaluate the manure-biochar impact on soil quality, plant biomass yield, and nutrient uptake. Soil OM significantly (<0.05) increased in all manure-biochar treatments; however, no change in soil pH or N was observed under any treatment. No difference in soil ammonium between treatments was identified. There was a significant decrease in soil M3-P and soil NO3- for all manure-biochar treatments compared to the conventional M. However, the plant biomass nutrient concentrations were not significantly different from control manure. Moreover, an increasing trend of N and decreasing trend of P in the plant under all biochar-manure treatments than the controls were noted. This observation suggests that the presence of biochar is capable of influencing the soil N and P in such a way as not to lose those nutrients at the early growth stages of the plant. In general, no statistical difference in corn or soybean biomass yield and plant nutrient uptake for N, P, and K was observed. Interestingly, manure-biochar application to soil significantly diluted the M3-extractable soil Cu and Zn concentrations. The results attribute that manure-biochar has the potential to be a better soil amendment than conventional manure application to the soil.

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“…The amount of manure treatment applied to the soil followed the 135 kg/ha (120 lb/ac) recommended rate for P. The decision on the amount of manure and manure-biochar mixture addition as a treatment was challenging as they had a different amount of macro-and micro-nutrients at the end of the manure-biochar incubation. We considered (factor 1): the plant-available P content of organic fertilizer as one of the crucial plant nutrients, and (factor 2) the greater affinity of Fe-pretreated biochars for P in the HAPE biochar [16] than RO or HAP feedstock biochars. Specifically, these two important factors are considered to alleviate the variability and complexity among the biochar-manure mixtures.…”

Section: Soil Preparation Greenhouse and Pot Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Biochar-Swine Manure Mixture to Conventional Manure Impact on Soil Nutrient Availability and Plant Uptake—A Greenhouse Study

Banik

Kozieł

Bonds

et al. 2021

Land

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of swine manure as a source of plant nutrients is one alternative to synthetic fertilizers. However, conventional manure application with >90% water and a low C:N ratio results in soil C loss to the atmosphere. Our hypothesis was to use biochar as a manure nutrient stabilizer that would slowly release nutrients to plants upon biochar-swine manure mixture application to soil. The objectives were to evaluate the impact of biochar-treated swine manure on soil total C, N, and plant-available macro- and micronutrients in greenhouse-cultivated corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Neutral pH red oak (RO), highly alkaline autothermal corn stover (HAP), and mild acidic Fe-treated autothermal corn stover (HAPE) biomass were pyrolyzed to prepare biochars. Each biochar was surface-applied to swine manure at a 1:4 (biochar wt/manure wt) ratio to generate mixtures of manure and respective biochars (MRO, MHAP, and MHAPE). Conventional manure (M) control and manure-biochar mixtures were then applied to the soil at a recommended rate. Corn and soybean were grown under these controls and treatments (S, M, MRO, MHAP, and MHAPE) to evaluate the manure-biochar impact on soil quality, plant biomass yield, and nutrient uptake. Soil organic matter significantly (<0.05) increased in all manure-biochar treatments; however, no change in soil pH or total N was observed under any treatment. No difference in soil ammonium between treatments was identified. There was a significant decrease in soil Mehlich3 (M3) P and KCl extractable soil NO3− for all manure-biochar treatments compared to the conventional M. However, the plant biomass nutrient concentrations were not significantly different from control manure. Moreover, an increasing trend of plant total N and decreasing trend of P in the plant under all biochar-manure treatments than the controls were noted. This observation suggests that the presence of biochar is capable of influencing the soil N and P in such a way as not to lose those nutrients at the early growth stages of the plant. In general, no statistical difference in corn or soybean biomass yield and plant nutrient uptake for N, P, and K was observed. Interestingly, manure-biochar application to soil significantly diluted the M3 extractable soil Cu and Zn concentrations. The results attribute that manure-biochar has the potential to be a better soil amendment than conventional manure application to the soil.

show abstract

Capture and Release of Orthophosphate by Fe-Modified Biochars: Mechanisms and Environmental Applications

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Biochar-Swine Manure Impact on Soil Nutrients and Carbon Under Controlled Leaching Experiment Using a Midwestern Mollisols

Biochar-Swine Manure Impact on Soil Nutrients and Carbon Under Controlled Leaching Experiment Using a Midwestern Mollisols

Comparing Biochar-Swine Manure Mixture to Conventional Manure Impact on Soil Nutrient Availability and Plant Uptake – A Greenhouse Study

Comparing Biochar-Swine Manure Mixture to Conventional Manure Impact on Soil Nutrient Availability and Plant Uptake—A Greenhouse Study

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