Caracterização citológica dos hemócitos de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) em larvas resistentes ao vírus AgMNPV

Negreiro, Maria Cláudia Cordeiro de; Carvalho, Renata Baldo Rodrigues; Andrade, Fábio Goulart de; Levy, Sheila Michele; Moscardi, F.; Falleiros, Ângela Maria Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s0073-47212009000100010

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Negreiro et al [48] suggest that the defense of A. gemmatalis larvae to Baculovirus anticarsia (AgMNPV) may be attributed to higher hemocyte densities in the hemolymph. In support of this, we found that larvae reared in the presence of conspecifics were more resistant to this virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two's a Crowd: Phenotypic Adjustments and Prophylaxis in Anticarsia gemmatalis Larvae Are Triggered by the Presence of Conspecifics

et al. 2013

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Defence from parasites and pathogens involves a cost. Thus, it is expected that organisms use this only at high population densities, where the risk of pathogen transmission may be high, as proposed by the "density-dependent prophylaxis" (DDP) hypothesis. These predictions have been tested in a wide range of insects, both in comparative and experimental studies. We think it pertinent to consider a continuum between solitarious and gregarious living insects, wherein: (1) solitarious insects are those that are constitutively solitary and do not express any phenotypic plasticity, (2) the middle of the continuum is represented by insects that are subject to fluctuations in local density and show a range of facultative and plastic changes; and (3) constitutively gregarious forms live gregariously and show the gregarious phenotype even in the absence of crowding stimuli. We aimed to chart some of the intermediary continuum with an insect that presents solitarious aspects, but that is subject to fluctuations in density. Thus, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae reared at higher densities showed changes in coloration, a greater degree of encapsulation, had higher hemocyte densities and were more resistant to Baculovirus anticarsia, but not to Bacillus thuringiensis. Meanwhile, with increased rearing density there was reduced capsule melanization. Hemocyte density was the only variable that did not vary according to larval phenotype. The observed responses were not a continuous function of larval density, but an all-or-nothing response to the presence of a conspecific. As A. gemmatalis is not known for gregarious living, yet shows these density-dependent changes, it thus seems that this plastic phenotypic adjustment may be a broader phenomenon than previously thought.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two's a Crowd: Phenotypic Adjustments and Prophylaxis in Anticarsia gemmatalis Larvae Are Triggered by the Presence of Conspecifics

et al. 2013

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“…On the eighth and tenth day after starting bioassays with glyphosate and M. rileyi, and third and fifth day with novaluron, 3 μl of each insect hemolymph were collected by abdominal puncture diluted (2:1) in an anticoagulant solution. For the total and the differential hemocyte count (THC and DHC, respectively), the methodology was described by Negreiro et al (2009), in which fresh hemolymph was diluted 10 times with an anticoagulant solution (0.098 M NaOH, 0.186 M NaCl, 0.017 M EDTA, 0.041 M citric acid) and homogenized. The hemocytes were counted in a Neubauer chamber with optical microscope.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Immune System Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effectiveness of Metarhizium rileyi, novaluron, and glyphosate on immune system, development, and redox metabolism of Anticarsia gemmatalis

Visentin

Bertholdo

Hahn

et al. 2021

RSD

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Anticarsia gemmatalis is one of the most important pests in world soybean crop. The most common intervention is the application of agrochemicals, such as novaluron and glyphosate. Among biological control agents, much attention has been drawn to entomopathogenic fungi, as Metarhizium rileyi. Here, we examined the changes that occur in the immune system (total and differential hemocyte count), secondary effects (caterpillar morphology), and oxidative metabolism after the caterpillars were exposed to M. rileyi, novaluron or glyphosate. M. rileyi was able to induce changes in the width, length, and weight of A. gemmatalis pupae, along with an increased in the number of defense cells. Novaluron prompt changes the insect’s immunity, and glyphosate caused milder immunological effects. However, it caused significant secondary effects including malformations in pupae and adults, and an increase in nitric oxide (NO) levels. Mortality observed when treating insects with novaluron and malformations due to glyphosate treatments did not occur due to oxidative stress. However, when insects were exposed to M. rileyi, we verified significantly increased levels of NO and concluded that these insects died due to oxidative stress. Our data provide evidence that contributes to better understanding the mechanism of herbicide-fungus interaction in the management of Anticarsia gemmatalis.

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Variations in circulating hemocytes are affected by age and caste in the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata

Ravaiano

Barbosa

Campos

et al. 2018

Sci Nat

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The insect immune system faces various challenges; particularly in social bees, caste system and age polyethism expose individuals to numerous environmental and working conditions. However, little is known about how cellular defenses in social bees may be organized to respond to a variety of immune challenges. Here, we describe the morphological features and the total and differential counts of hemocytes in different female classes (newly emerged workers, nurses, foragers, and virgin queens) of the eusocial stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata. Granulocytes and prohemocytes were, respectively, the most and the least abundant cells among all classes of females. Furthermore, there were more prohemocytes in virgin queens than in foragers. The total number of hemocytes was smaller in foragers, whereas the largest number was observed in nurse workers. This reduced amount of hemocytes in foragers might allow energy savings to perform colony activities such as foraging and defense. Foragers also had the biggest hemocytes (either prohemocytes, granulocytes, or plasmatocytes) in comparison to the other classes of females, which might have arisen as a compensation for the reduction in number of these cells during aging. These results suggest that profiles of hemocytes of M. quadrifasciata vary according to the caste and age of this eusocial bee.

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Caracterização citológica dos hemócitos de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) em larvas resistentes ao vírus AgMNPV

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Two's a Crowd: Phenotypic Adjustments and Prophylaxis in Anticarsia gemmatalis Larvae Are Triggered by the Presence of Conspecifics

Two's a Crowd: Phenotypic Adjustments and Prophylaxis in Anticarsia gemmatalis Larvae Are Triggered by the Presence of Conspecifics

Comparative effectiveness of Metarhizium rileyi, novaluron, and glyphosate on immune system, development, and redox metabolism of Anticarsia gemmatalis

Variations in circulating hemocytes are affected by age and caste in the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata

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