Caracterização clínica-demográfica das internações psiquiátricas na região de Ribeirão Preto - SP entre 1998 e 2004

Abstract

At the beginning of the 1990s, psychiatric hospitalization costs were the secondlargest source of all hospitalization costs in Brazil. Since 1992, as a result of the Ministry of Heath guidelines, there have been changes in the characteristics of these hospitalizations. Psychiatric hospitals have progressively ceased to be a part of the core health care system, and there has been an increase in the outpatient service network. The 13th Regional Health Authority (DRS XIII), headquartered in Ribeirão Preto, followed these guidelines, which led it to reorganize its mental health care. At the beginning of the 1990s, DRS XIII had 685 beds for the treatment of acute psychiatric patients: their occupancy rate was as high as 96%, the length of stay was high and there was a high number of readmissions. The guidelines, however, resulted in a reduction in the number of beds for acute patients to 114, whilst there was a simultaneous expansion in the mental health care outpatient services. These measures led to a drop in the number of hospital admissions, and the occupancy rate fell to 60-70%. Nevertheless, since 2003, it has been more difficult to provide fulltime hospitalization due to lack of beds. The aim of this project is to evaluate these changes in the hospitalization policy. A central database was created using the data stored in the databases of each of the hospitals involved in the study. All hospitalizations between 1998 and 2004 were taken into account. The following variables were analyzed: age, gender, marital status, occupation, diagnosis, origin, health district (for patients that live in Ribeirão Preto), length of stay, readmissions, bed turnover rate and occupancy rate. 5,362 patients were hospitalized a total of 11,208 times according to the following breakdown: Psychiatric Hospital (47.8%), General Hospital (14.1%) and Emergency Psychiatric Unit (38.1%). The occupancy rate for full-time hospitalization services has increased over the last few years in spite of the bed turnover rate remaining relatively high. There are no significant differences between services as far as the demographic characteristics of the hospitalized patients are concerned: patients are still predominantly young unemployed males, who are not in stable partnerships, and come from the Ribeirão Preto region. Shortstay hospitalizations are predominant, with a higher proportion of longer hospitalizations in the General Hospital, which was probably due to the serious nature of these cases. The largest proportion of hospitalizations comes from Ribeirão Preto, especially from the district served by the Núcleo de Saúde Mental do Centro de Saúde Escola (Mental Health Unit of the Learning Health Center). The most common diagnoses were disorders brought on by psychoactive substance abuse, mood disorders, psychotic disorders and personality disorders, with there being some differences in the proportions from one service to another. Around 1/4 of the hospitalizations each year are readmissions. The psychiatric hospitalization increasing may be dual ...

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