Caracterización hidrogeoquímica de los acuíferos volcánicos Barva y Colima en el Valle Central de Costa Rica

Madrigal-Solís, Helga; Fonseca-Sánchez, Alicia; Reynolds-Vargas, Jenny

doi:10.24850/j-tyca-2017-01-09

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Overall, nitrate concentrations across the BCS are greater than previously reported in rural watersheds, protected areas, or highly altered coastal aquifers of Costa Rica (Jovanelly et al., 2020; Hernández‐Alpízar & Mora‐Molina, 2022; Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, Benavides‐Benavides, et al., 2020; Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, Mena‐Rivera, 2020). In addition, our results agree with the increasing nitrate trends reported during the last three decades (Madrigal‐Solís et al., 2017; Reynolds‐Vargas et al., 2006; Reynolds‐Vargas & Richter, 1995) in central Costa Rica with NO 3 − N values ranging from 0.1 (high elevation) up to 18.5 mg/L (lowland) (1988–2004).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…High‐elevation springs are characterized by low Cl − and moderate NO 3 − /Cl − molar ratios, indicating the potential influence of SN inputs. The headwaters are characterized by secondary protected forests (∼80–100 years old) with high infiltration capacity, near saturation conditions throughout the year, short mean residence times, large carbon transport (Mayer‐Anhalt et al., 2022; Sánchez‐Murillo et al., 2019), and relatively low Cl − (Madrigal‐Solís et al., 2017). Wells and low‐elevation springs, mainly representing the shallow unconfined aquifer unit, exhibited greater NO 3 − /Cl − molar ratios and Cl − above 100 μmol/L (3.5 mg/L).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

et al. 2023

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Nitrate legacy is affecting groundwater sources across the tropics. This study describes isotopic and ionic spatial trends across a tropical, fractured, volcanic multi‐aquifer system in central Costa Rica in relation to land use change over four decades. Springs and wells (from 800 to 2,400 m asl) were sampled for NO3− and Cl− concentrations, δ18Owater, δ15NNO3, and δ18ONO3. A Bayesian isotope mixing model was used to estimate potential source contributions to the nitrate legacy in groundwater. Land use change was evaluated using satellite imagery from 1979 to 2019. The lower nitrate concentrations (<1 mg/L NO3−N) were reported in headwater springs near protected forested areas, while greater concentrations (up to ∼63 mg/L) were reported in wells (mid‐ and low‐elevation sites in the unconfined unit) and low‐elevation springs. High‐elevation springs were characterized by low Cl− and moderate NO3−/Cl− ratios, indicating the potential influence of soil nitrogen (SN) inputs. Wells and low‐elevation springs exhibited greater NO3−/Cl− ratios and Cl− concentrations above 100 μmol/L. Bayesian calculations suggest a mixture of sewage (domestic septic tanks), SN (forested recharge areas), and chemical fertilizers (coffee plantations), as a direct result of abrupt land use change in the last 40 years. Our results confirm the incipient trend in increasing groundwater nitrogen and highlight the urgent need for a multi‐municipal plan to transition from domestic septic tanks to regional sewage treatment and sustainable agricultural practices to prevent future groundwater quality degradation effectively.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

et al. 2023

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“…The analysis of point, linear and diffuse sources of contamination, obtained through the identification of pollution sources and their classification in categories (levels) of threat using the POSH methodology, allowed to determine, spatially, the threat implied for groundwater quality of the coastal aquifer of Jacó. The use of the POSH methodology was appropriately applied in the study area to identify potential pollution sources in a delimited area using limited available information, as was the case in the studies reported by Fonseca-Sánchez et al, (2019); Jarrín et al, (2017);Madrigal-Solís, et al, (2017);and Pinheiro et al, (2015). However, it must be considered that the threat maps generated with this methodology require constant updating due to the dynamism of the study area, which will mostly depend on the type of activities developed therein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Costa Rica, the impact of pollution on groundwater quality has been evaluated, especially in the Central Valley (Madrigal-Solís et al, 2017;Madrigal-Solís et al, 2019). Moreover, Fonseca-Sánchez et al, (2019) and Madrigal-Solís et al, (2014) applied the POSH method in the northwestern region of the Central Valley and in a watershed in Eastern Costa Rica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the threat of groundwater contamination in the Jacó aquifer, Central Pacific, Costa Rica

Orozco-Montoya¹,

Madrigal-Solís²,

Vargas-Bolaños³

et al. 2021

Rev. Ambientales

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[Introduction]: In Costa Rica, more than 70 % of the public drinking water supply comes from groundwater sources. In the coastal city of Jacó, on the Central Pacific Coast of Costa Rica, tourism activity is essential for economic development and groundwater represents a source for supplying tourists and residents. [Objective]: This research aims to characterize the threats of groundwater contamination to the coastal aquifer of Jacó due to human activities, based on land use analysis, characterization of potential pollution sources and, estimation of the floating population related to tourist activity. [Methodology]: An inventory of potential pollution sources was carried out through the location of human/anthropogenic activities. Potential point, diffuse and linear sources were classified based on the Pollutant Origin Surcharge Hydraulically (POSH) method, as activities with high, medium and low potential generating pollutant load (threat) [Results]: Of the total potential sources, 0.5 % correspond to activities with high potential, 14.0 % medium potential and 23.5 % low potential, and 62.0 % null potential. Out of 129 point pollution sources, 64.3 % were classified as medium threat activities due to the storage and handling of potentially polluting chemicals. Although the sources of high threat are those of lesser occurrence in the study area, they can generate greater negative impacts on groundwater resources. These are located mainly in the urban area of the city where the floating population reaches more than 12 000 people during the holidays, so their potential for pollutant loading could rise during this period. [Conclusions]: The results will be considered in territory planning, which seeks to reduce the probability of groundwater contamination in Jacó.

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“…At present, it is widely recognized that empowerment in groundwater management processes should be a priority (Kulkarni et al, 2004), taking into account that these aquifers are necessary for the progress and prosperity of communities, supplying drinking water to households and water to the agricultural and industrial sectors. However, many communities do not have adequate tools to carry out the necessary protection actions, such as groundwater quality monitoring programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseño de una red de monitoreo como herramienta de gestión participativa: calidad física y química del agua subterránea en tres subcuencas del Valle Central, Costa Rica

Madrigal-Solís¹,

Fonseca-Sánchez²,

Calderón-Sánchez³

et al. 2018

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El agua de los acuíferos Barva, Colima Superior y Colima Inferior, ubicados en el sector oeste del Valle Central de Costa Rica, representa la principal fuente de abastecimiento de agua potable en esta región. El propósito de este estudio fue diseñar una red de monitoreo o vigilancia para la calidad del agua de estos acuíferos en las subcuencas de los ríos Bermúdez, Ciruelas y río Segundo, así como fomentar la participación de actores sociales para el funcionamiento de cada red de vigilancia. De los sitios propuestos, cinco sobrepasaron, de dos a cuatro ocasiones, el Valor Alerta de 25 mg/l de nitratos como NO3-. Estos sitios, los cuales captaron agua del acuífero Barva, se encontraban en zonas donde predominaba el uso urbano y cultivos de café. Los lugares que captaron agua de este acuífero con las menores concentraciones, por debajo de los 2 mg/l, se encontraban en las zonas altas de las subcuencas, en donde predomina el bosque y los pastos, mientras que los que captaron agua de los Colima mostraron concentraciones por debajo de los 20 mg/l. Se recomienda la vigilancia semestral de al menos conductividad eléctrica, pH, temperatura, nitratos y cloruros. El funcionamiento de estas redes ofrece una oportunidad para la vigilancia de la calidad del agua subterránea por parte de actores clave en el nivel de cuenca, como uno de los primeros pasos en el desarrollo de un manejo sostenible de este recurso.

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Caracterización hidrogeoquímica de los acuíferos volcánicos Barva y Colima en el Valle Central de Costa Rica

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

Analysis of the threat of groundwater contamination in the Jacó aquifer, Central Pacific, Costa Rica

Diseño de una red de monitoreo como herramienta de gestión participativa: calidad física y química del agua subterránea en tres subcuencas del Valle Central, Costa Rica

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