Caracterización Morfológica Y Agronómica De Accesos en Yuca en La Region Noroeste Del Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil

Koefender, Jana; Golle, Diego Pascoal; Manfio, Cândida Elisa; Horn, Roberta Cattaneo; Schöffel, André; Oliveira, J. A. R.; Câmera, Juliane Nicolodi

doi:10.15628/holos.2018.7747

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The shape descriptor of the central lobe of the leaf was elliptical-lanceolate and lanceolate with 50.0% and 40.0% respectively of the total accessions. In this study, the lanceolate leaf form occurs in almost all the accessions studied, in agreement with [37,21] but differs from the results of Meneses et al [23] who, when characterizing 40 accessions, did not show variation in this characteristic. Similarly, [38] report that when characterizing 19 cassava clones, they found that 13.3% of the total presented the oval-lanceolate lobe shape.…”

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These results differ as indicated by Meneses et al [23], who determined that, of 40 accessions, 87.5% had the presence of apical bud pubescence, and 12.5% did not present this characteristic. Similarly, Torres [41] reported a 78.0% presence of pubescence and an absence of 22.0%, while [21] observed a presence in 100% of the accessions evaluated. About the colour of the epidermis of the stem, 57% were observed with dark green colour and 26% with light green colour.…”

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…They presented a light brown colour followed by a cream colour. Koefender et al [21] observed that the light brown colour appeared 51.06% in the evaluated accessions. This descriptor, according to Ramos [42], is a characteristic that may differ between genotypes and in the different stages of plant growth; for example, in the juvenile phase, different shades may appear from light red, brown and green.…”

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This descriptor, according to Ramos [42], is a characteristic that may differ between genotypes and in the different stages of plant growth; for example, in the juvenile phase, different shades may appear from light red, brown and green. In addition, it is essential to take into account that edapho-climatic factors and cultivation practices can infer in this descriptor due to the availability of nutrients in the soil and their assimilation by plants [21]. On the other hand, the colour of the terminal branch of the adult plant developed in the collection was dark green (49%) and light green (31%).…”

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These descriptors must be readily observable, have high discriminant action and low environmental influence [14][15][16][17]. For example, the EMBRAPA-Brazil Corporation established 75 morphological descriptors for cassava [18]; these descriptors have allowed morphologically validating 26 ethno-varieties in Peru [19], 116 elite genotypes collected in Benin, Africa [20], 47 traditional varieties in Brazil [21], 159 accessions conserved in the field in Côte d'Ivoire, Africa [22] and in Mexico 40 accessions were characterized from a germplasm bank [23]. On the other hand, ecogeographic characterization is a process that allows comparing the diversity of a species or group of species, allowing the completion of the morphological and genotypic information using the environmental information from the germplasm collection site [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological And Ecogeographic Study Of The Diversity Of Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) In Ecuador

Monteros¹,

Tapia²,

Paredes³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crop of nutritional and economic importance worldwide, cultivated in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries including Ecuador, traditionally cultivated in its three continental regions: the Amazon, the Coast and in the valleys of the Sierra. The purpose of this study was to characterize 195 accessions from INIAP's Ecuadorian cassava collection through 1) morphological characterization with qualitative and quantitative descriptors; and 2) ecogeographic characterization to know the climatic, geophysical and edaphic conditions in which cassava grows and which environments are frequent or marginal for its cultivation. For the morphological characterization, 27 morphological descriptors were used (18 qualitative and nine quantitative), and for the ecogeographic characterization, 55 variables (41 climatic, two geophysical and 12 edaphic). As a result, four morphological groups and three ecogeographic groups were identified. In the research, morphological variability was evidenced, mainly in descriptors related to the leaf, stems and inflorescences. In addition, it was possible to identify accessions that can adapt to extreme conditions of drought and poor soils, which could be used for improvement.

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Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Descriptors Of the Aerial Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological And Ecogeographic Study Of The Diversity Of Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) In Ecuador

Monteros¹,

Tapia²,

Paredes³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador

et al. 2021

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a crop of nutritional and economic importance worldwide, cultivated in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries including Ecuador, where it is traditionally cultivated in the three continental regions: Amazonia, the Coast and in the valleys of the Sierra. The purpose of this study is to characterize 195 accessions from INIAP’s Ecuadorian cassava collection through (1) morphological characterization with qualitative and quantitative descriptors; and (2) ecogeographic characterization to know the climatic, geophysical, and edaphic conditions in which cassava grows and which environments are frequent or marginal for its cultivation. For the morphological characterization, 27 morphological descriptors were used (18 qualitative and nine quantitative), and for the ecogeographic characterization, 55 variables (41 climatic, two geophysical and 12 edaphic). Four morphological groups and three ecogeographic groups were identified. Morphological variability was evidenced mainly in descriptors related to the leaves, stems, and inflorescences. In addition, it was possible to identify accessions that appear capable of growing under extreme conditions of drought and poor soils. These accessions could be used for improvement.

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Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020

López-Lavalle¹,

Bohórquez-Chaux²,

Zhang³

2021

Cassava - Biology, Production, and Use

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The identification of cassava cultivars is important for understanding the crop’s production system, enabling crop improvement practitioners to design and deliver tailored solutions with which farmers can secure high yields and sustainable production. Across the lowland tropics today, a large number improved varieties and landraces of cassava are under cultivation, making it inefficient for breeders and geneticists to set improvement goals for the crop. The identification and characterization of cassava genotypes is currently based on either morphological characters or molecular features. The major aim of cultivar identification is to catalog the crop’s genetic diversity, but a consensus approach has still not been established. Of the two approaches to the identification of variety, morphological characters seem to account for most of the genetic variability reported in cassava. However, these characters must be treated with caution, as phenotypic changes can be due to environmental and climatic conditions as well as to the segregation of new highly heterozygous populations, thus, making the accurate identification of varieties difficult. The use of molecular markers has allowed researchers to establish accurate relationships between genotypes, and to measure and track their heterozygous status. Since the early 1990’s, molecular geneticists working with cassava have been developing and deploying DNA-based tools for the identification and characterization of landraces or improved varieties. Hence, in the last five years, economists and social scientists have adopted DNA-based variety identification to measure the adoption rates of varieties, and to support the legal protection of breeder’s rights. Despite the advances made in the deployment of molecular markers for cassava, multiple platform adoption, as well as their costs and variable throughput, has limited their use by practitioners of crop improvement of cassava. The post-genomic era has produced a large number of genome and transcriptome sequencing tools, and has increased our capacity to develop and deploy genome-based tools to account for the crop’s genetic variability by accurately measuring and tracking allele diversity. These technologies allow the creation of haplotype catalogs that can be widely shared across the cassava crop improvement community. Low-density genome-wide SNP markers might be the solution for the wide adoption of molecular tools for the identification of cultivars or varieties of cassava. In this review we survey the efforts made in the past 30 years to establish the tools for cultivar identification of cassava in farmer’s fields and gene banks. We also emphasize the need for a global picture of the genetic diversity of this crop, at its center of origin in South America.

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Caracterización Morfológica Y Agronómica De Accesos en Yuca en La Region Noroeste Del Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Morphological And Ecogeographic Study Of The Diversity Of Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) In Ecuador

Morphological And Ecogeographic Study Of The Diversity Of Cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) In Ecuador

Morphological and Ecogeographic Study of the Diversity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Ecuador

Identification of Cassava Varieties in Ex-Situ Collections and Global Farmer’s Fields: An Update from 1990 to 2020

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