CaraNet: context axial reverse attention network for segmentation of small medical objects

Cai

et al. 2022

Entropy

In recent years, protecting important objects by simulating animal camouflage has been widely employed in many fields. Therefore, camouflaged object detection (COD) technology has emerged. COD is more difficult to achieve than traditional object detection techniques due to the high degree of fusion of objects camouflaged with the background. In this paper, we strive to more accurately and efficiently identify camouflaged objects. Inspired by the use of magnifiers to search for hidden objects in pictures, we propose a COD network that simulates the observation effect of a magnifier called the MAGnifier Network (MAGNet). Specifically, our MAGNet contains two parallel modules: the ergodic magnification module (EMM) and the attention focus module (AFM). The EMM is designed to mimic the process of a magnifier enlarging an image, and AFM is used to simulate the observation process in which human attention is highly focused on a particular region. The two sets of output camouflaged object maps were merged to simulate the observation of an object by a magnifier. In addition, a weighted key point area perception loss function, which is more applicable to COD, was designed based on two modules to give greater attention to the camouflaged object. Extensive experiments demonstrate that compared with 19 cutting-edge detection models, MAGNet can achieve the best comprehensive effect on eight evaluation metrics in the public COD dataset. Additionally, compared to other COD methods, MAGNet has lower computational complexity and faster segmentation. We also validated the model’s generalization ability on a military camouflaged object dataset constructed in-house. Finally, we experimentally explored some extended applications of COD.

Section: Experimental Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGNet: A Camouflaged Object Detection Network Simulating the Observation Effect of a Magnifier

Cai

et al. 2022

Entropy

“…Therefore, image segmentation is a quintessential part of an AI-driven CAD. To this end, we expect to use CaraNet as an image segmentation model [ 59 ]. In a 1000 × 1000 px KUB image, a kidney stone may occupy a region smaller than 20 × 20 px.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning Model for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Urolithiasis Detection from Kidney–Ureter–Bladder Images

Liu

Huang

2022

Bioengineering

Kidney–ureter–bladder (KUB) imaging is a radiological examination with a low cost, low radiation, and convenience. Although emergency room clinicians can arrange KUB images easily as a first-line examination for patients with suspicious urolithiasis, interpreting the KUB images correctly is difficult for inexperienced clinicians. Obtaining a formal radiology report immediately after a KUB imaging examination can also be challenging. Recently, artificial-intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed to help clinicians who are not experts make correct diagnoses for further treatment more effectively. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a CAD system for KUB imaging based on a deep learning model designed to help first-line emergency room clinicians diagnose urolithiasis accurately. A total of 355 KUB images were retrospectively collected from 104 patients who were diagnosed with urolithiasis at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Then, we trained a deep learning model with a ResNet architecture to classify KUB images in terms of the presence or absence of kidney stones with this dataset of pre-processed images. Finally, we tuned the parameters and tested the model experimentally. The results show that the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-measure of the model were 0.977, 0.953, 1, and 0.976 on the validation set and 0.982, 0.964, 1, and 0.982 on the testing set, respectively. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the proposed model performed well compared to the existing CNN-based methods and was able to detect urolithiasis in KUB images successfully. We expect the proposed approach to help emergency room clinicians make accurate diagnoses and reduce unnecessary radiation exposure from computed tomography (CT) scans, along with the associated medical costs.

“…PraNet [6], SANet [28], Caranet [56] and UACANet-L [57]; salient object detection methods BASNet [58], SCRN [59], F3Net [48] and GCPANet [60]; and camouflaged object segmentation methods SINet-V1 [13], Rank-Net [15],…”

Section: Compared Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGNet: A camouflaged object detection network simulating the observation effect of a magnifier

Cai

et al. 2022

Preprint

In recent years, protecting important objects by simulating animal camouflage has been widely used in many fields. Therefore, camouflaged object detection (COD) technology has emerged. COD is more difficult than traditional object detection techniques because of the high degree of fusion of camouflaged objects with the background. In this paper, we strive to more accurately identify camouflaged objects. Inspired by the use of magnifiers to search for hidden objects in pictures, we propose a COD network that simulates the observation effect of a magnifier, called the MAGnifier Network (MAGNet). Specifically, our MAGNet contains two parallel modules, i.e., the ergodic magnification module (EMM) and the attention focus module (AFM). The EMM is designed to mimic the process of a magnifier enlarging an image, and AFM is used to simulate the observation process in which human attention is highly focused on a region. The two sets of output camouflaged object maps are merged to simulate the observation of an object by a magnifier. In addition, a weighted key point area perception loss function, which is more applicable to COD, is designed based on two modules to give higher attention to the camouflaged object. Extensive experiments demonstrate that compared with 14 cutting-edge detection models, MAGNet can achieve the best comprehensive effect on eight evaluation metrics on the public COD dataset, and the segmentation accuracy is significantly improved. We also validate the models' generalization ability on a military camouflaged object dataset constructed in-house. Finally, we experimentally explore some extended applications of COD.