Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

As, Truswell

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-526150-0.50020-5

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 91 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Usual treatment protocols may actually increase liver lipid (McLaren et al 1968). Decreased lipoprotein synthesis for lipid mobilization or increased hepatic triglyceride synthesis probably contribute to the fatty liver of PEM (Truswell, 1975;Portman et al 1981), but limited oxidation of liver lipid due to carnitine deficiency may also play a part.…”

Section: Liver Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver function in protein-energy malnutrition measured by cinnamic acid tolerance and benzoic acid tolerance: effect of carnitine supplementation

Ahern

Mitchell

1989

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. Rats fed on a protein-depleted diet for 8 weeks were repleted for 5 weeks on high-protein (HP), highprotein+20 g DL-carnitine/kg (HP+C), or low-protein+20 g DL-carnitine/kg (LP+C) diets. At 4 and 8 weeks of depletion, and 1 and 5 weeks of repletion, rats from each treatment group were given a benzoic acid tolerance test (BATT) or a cinnamic acid tolerance test (CATT) as a measure of liver function.2. BATT and CATT measured the molar percentage of a test dose (1 mmol/kg body-weight) of benzoic acid or cinnamic acid excreted in the urine as hippuric acid within 24 h. Liver weight, liver lipid levels, and carnitine concentration in plasma and liver were also measured following liver-function testing.3. BATT and CATT were severely impaired in protein-depleted rats, but returned rapidly to control levels following protein refeeding. Correlations of BATT and CATT with liver lipid concentration were high (r -049 and -0.62 respectively), and both tests show promise as clinical tests for liver function in protein-energy malnutrition.4. Carnitine supplementation was required to return liver carnitine concentration of protein-depleted rats to control levels during repletion, but was not associated with accelerated reduction in liver fat concentration in protein-repleted rats.

show abstract

Section: Liver Function Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver function in protein-energy malnutrition measured by cinnamic acid tolerance and benzoic acid tolerance: effect of carnitine supplementation

Ahern

Mitchell

1989

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a marked reduction of adipose tissue, and hepatomegaly due to fatty liver, in that triglycerides may account for up to 50% weight, is a common feature of the disease [21,25,64]. Most investigators found decreased serum triglycerides (TG), cholesterolesters (STE) and phospholipids (PL) [22,43,50,51,63].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In plasma total lipids linoleic acid and its functionally important metabolites have been found to be decreased, accompanied by an increase of the saturated and the non-essential monoenoic FA, in Nigerian children with kwashiorkor [47,59] and in Peruvian and Honduran children with different types of malnutrition [10,69]. In PEM the relative distribution of the distinct plasma lipid classes, which differ in EFA content, is markedly altered [43,59,64], which may influence the FA composition of plasma total lipids. Therefore analysis of the different lipid classes of serum or plasma is preferred for evaluation of EFA status in PEM, but this has been published by two groups only: Holman et al [35] performed very detailed analysis in Argentine children with malnutrition, obviously varied forms, and found a moderate deficiency of EFA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids in Nigerian children with protein-energy malnutrition

Koletzko

Laryea

et al. 1986

Eur J Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fatty acid (FA) composition of the main plasma lipids was analysed in eight well-nourished, generally healthy Nigerian children aged 14.1 +/- 7.2 months and in 17 malnourished children (8 marasmus, 9 kwashiorkor) aged 14.6 +/- 3.8 months within the first 2 days of admission at the Dept. of Child Health, University of Benin. In comparison to the control group, the malnourished children showed a marked decrease of polyunsaturated FA with low linoleic acid, mainly in sterol esters (STE), and severely reduced linoleic acid metabolites, including arachidonic acid, in all lipid fractions. omega-3-FA were not altered except for a reduction of docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in phospholipids. Clearly increased values were found for saturated FA in STE and for the non-essential monoenoic FA in all lipid classes. This pattern indicates the presence of essential fatty acid deficiency in the malnourished children. There was no significant difference between marasmus and kwashiorkor. Eight malnourished children were followed up in the early phase of recovery during hospital treatment 14.0 +/- 3.1 days after obtaining the first sample. Linoleic acid had increased again in STE, but its metabolites were as low or even lower than before. An impaired activity of delta-6-desaturase, the rate limiting enzyme of linoleic acid metabolism, in suggested by elevated substrate-product-ratios of this enzyme in untreated children with protein energy malnutrition and in the early phase of recovery, which may be due to low insulin levels, protein and zinc deficiency. The trientetraen ratio (20:3 omega 9/20:4 omega 6) thus is not a reliable indicator of essential FA status in protein-energy malnutrition.

show abstract

“…Given that steatosis has been studied in malnourished children, it would have been surprising if we did not find an association between it and albuminemia, which is a biological indicator of nutritional status. An inverse correlation between the importance of hepatic steatosis and albuminemia has been documented in the literature [27,28]. The lack of association between protidemia and hepatic steatosis could be justified by the fact that protidemia does not reflect the nutritional status that is correlated with hepatic steatosis.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Hepatic Steatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Steatosis and Radiological, Clinical and Biological Correlation in Malnourished Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Cotonou

Alihonou¹,

Yèkpè²,

Lalya³

et al. 2021

IJNFS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Malnutrition in children is associated with signs of liver dysfunction such as hepatic steatosis, which increases morbidity and mortality. This research aims to study the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of hepatic steatosis in malnourished children at the CNHU-HKM and CHU-MEL of Cotonou. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study that took place from May 1 to July 31, 2017. Malnourished children aged 06 months to 05 years old who were hospitalized or received outpatient care during the study period were included. An exhaustive sampling of all children meeting the eligibility criteria during the study period was conducted. Ninety-four malnourished children were included in the study. Their mean age was 18.47 months. The hospital prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 60.6%. Hepatic steatosis was diffuse and homogeneous without focal lesions. Clinically, it was significantly associated with hepatomegaly, underweight and severe chronic malnutrition. A statistically significant association was also observed between, respectively, non-supplementation with iron/folic acid, recent non-adherence to EPI vaccines and hepatic steatosis. Biologically, there was a statistically significant association between hepatic steatosis and transaminases, gamma GT, triglycerides, albuminemia. Hepatic steatosis is common in malnourished children. There is a clinico-biological correlation. Liver ultrasound should be systematic in cases of malnutrition.

show abstract

Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

Liver function in protein-energy malnutrition measured by cinnamic acid tolerance and benzoic acid tolerance: effect of carnitine supplementation

Liver function in protein-energy malnutrition measured by cinnamic acid tolerance and benzoic acid tolerance: effect of carnitine supplementation

Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids in Nigerian children with protein-energy malnutrition

Hepatic Steatosis and Radiological, Clinical and Biological Correlation in Malnourished Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Cotonou

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About