Carbohydrates, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Pulp and Peel of 15 Banana Cultivars

Abstract

-the aim of this study was to quantify and compare the levels of carbohydrates and phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity in the pulp and peel of 15 banana cultivars in two ripening stages. Four bunches per cultivar were harvested in the pre-climacteric stage, six fruits were used by sample unit. Fruits were analyzed in the pre-climacteric stage and after ripening. total, reducing and non-reducing soluble sugars, starch, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Cultivar and ripening stage influenced all characteristics analyzed. Unripe pulp and peel had small percentage of sugar, but high percentage of starch, especially 'terrinha' and 'marmelo' cultivars. AAB and ABB cultivars presented the highest percentages of starch, when compared to AA and AAA cultivars. For the phenolic compounds, the highest content was observed in ripe peel, followed by ripe pulp and unripe peel and pulp, highlighting 'terrinha' cultivar in all parts and stages evaluated. the antioxidant potential was higher in ripe peel, followed by unripe peel, ripe and unripe pulp. Fruits of terrinha, marmelo, maçã, Ouro and Caru-Verde cultivars showed the highest carbohydrate contents, and phenolic compounds or antioxidant activity, justifying future actions in the expansion of planting and consumption of these fruits. Index terms: Musa spp.; soluble sugars, starch, free radical. CARBOIDRATOS, COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE EM POLPAS E CASCAS DE 15 CULTIVARES DE BANANEIRARESUMO -Objetivou-se quantificar os teores de carboidratos, compostos fenólicos e a atividade antioxidante na polpa e na casca de bananas de 15 cultivares, em dois estádios de maturação. Foram colhidos quatro cachos por cultivar, na fase pré-climatérica, sendo utilizados seis frutos por unidade amostral. Os frutos foram analisados na fase pré-climatérica e após o amadurecimento. Foram avaliados os teores de açúcares solúveis totais, redutores e não redutores, amido, compostos fenólicos e a atividade antioxidante. A cultivar, bem como o estádio de maturação, influenciou todas as características avaliadas. A polpa e a casca verdes apresentaram pequena porcentagem de açúcares, porém alta porcentagem de amido, com destaque para a 'terrinha' e a 'marmelo'. As cultivares dos grupos genômicos AAB e ABB apresentaram maior porcentagem de amido, em comparação com as cultivares dos grupos AA e AAA. O maior teor de compostos fenólicos foi observado em casca madura, seguida pela polpa madura, casca e polpa verdes, destacando-se a 'terrinha', em todas as partes e nos estádios avaliados. O potencial antioxidante foi maior na casca madura, seguida pela casca verde, polpas madura e verde. Frutos das cultivares terrinha, marmelo, maçã, Ouro e CaruVerde destacam-se quanto aos maiores teores de carboidratos, compostos fenólicos e/ou ação antioxidante, justificando futuras ações na expansão do plantio e no consumo desses frutos. Termos para indexação: Musa spp., açúcares solúveis, amido, radical livre.

Regulation of Banana Phytoene Synthase (MaPSY) Expression, Characterization and Their Modulation under Various Abiotic Stress Conditions

“…Radical scavenging assay (inhibition of DPPH) showed ripe pulp extract has significantly higher antioxidant activity as compared to the unripe pulp. This observation is in agreement with Aquino et al (2016). Our results suggested that the content of carotenoids in ripe pulp of Nendran is directly correlated with higher antioxidant activity (Table 4).…”

“…Hence, their regulation in different tissues was controlled by different developmental cues. Numerous reports have highlighted antioxidant property of carotenoids (El-Agamey et al, 2004; Das and Roychoudhury, 2014; Aquino et al, 2016; García-Ruiz et al, 2017). Radical scavenging assay (inhibition of DPPH) showed ripe pulp extract has significantly higher antioxidant activity as compared to the unripe pulp.…”

“…They are involved in signaling process and scavenging of free radicals during the stress management (El-Agamey et al, 2004; Aquino et al, 2016; García-Ruiz et al, 2017). Oxidized carotenoids (apocarotenoids) lead to produce abscisic acid (ABA), strigolactone, β–cyclocitral and β-ionone which subsequently assist plants to adapt in different stress conditions (Pogson et al, 2008; Havaux, 2014; Hou et al, 2016).…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Banana Cultivars Against Important Human Pathogens, Including Candida Biofilm

“…However, quantification of phenolic compounds revealed no big difference among nine plantain cultivars [53]. Similar results were also observed by Aquino et al with variation among the different plant parts, but not so much among the cultivars, viz., TPC among 15 cultivars ranged from 23.15 to 33.28 mg/100 gm GAE for unripe pulp, 42.4 to 77.07 mg/100 gm GAE for ripe pulp, 32 to 61 mg/100 gm GAE for unripe peel and 60.39 to 115.7 mg/100 gm GAE for ripe peel [54]. We find typical values of 160 µg/mg GAE in our crude extracts.…”

Structural-dependent effects of dietary fibers in colon cancer: Focus on dietary fiber naturally changed by the papaya ripening

“…Climacteric fruits, such as bananas, commonly increase soluble sugars content after harvesting through starch degradation, which directly correlates with pulp sweetening (Shiga et al, 2011;Aquino et al, 2016). Since unripe papayas have low starch content (less than 3% by fresh weight; Oboh et al, 2015), most of the soluble sugars in papayas accumulate during fruit development.…”