Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization and Persistence of Organic Residues under Conservation and Conventional Tillage

Mulvaney, Michael J.; Wood, C. W.; Balkcom, Kipling S.; Shannon, Dennis A.; Kemble, Joseph M.

doi:10.2134/agronj2010.0129

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…O cultivo de leguminosas tem demonstrado ser uma alternativa promissora na suplementação de N para as culturas em sucessão (Amado et al, 2003;Sisti et al, 2004), devido à capacidade de fixação do N 2 atmosférico e à estreita relação carbono:nitrogênio (C:N) de seus resíduos, o que leva a uma rápida decomposição , disponibilizando ao solo, aos microrganismos e às plantas em sucessão, além do N e do C acumulados (Mulvaney et al, 2010), todos os nutrientes contidos na biomassa. Por outro lado, os resíduos deixados pelas gramíneas, por apresentarem elevados valores de relação C:N, decompõem-se mais lentamente e permanecem mais tempo sobre o solo, reduzindo a erosão, o que é desejável, sobretudo nas regiões de clima tropical, o qual favorece a rápida decomposição dos resíduos das culturas (Pires et al, 2008;Carvalho et al, 2009;Pacheco et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: II - decomposição e liberação de nutrientes na entressafra

Marcelo¹,

Corá

Fernandes

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: II - decomposição e liberação de nutrientes na entressafra

Marcelo¹,

Corá

Fernandes

2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Pre-calibration rate constants (Mulvaney et al, 2010) were assigned to each crop by tillage treatment and degree-day period (Table 3). These rate constants were calculated for soybean and oat (Avena sativa L.) residues, and were not, therefore, directly equivalent to the hairy vetch and cereal rye data used in the calibration.…”

Section: Cover Crop Mineralization Rate Constants-calibration and Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simulated N content of the cover crop residue was updated daily based on the N release/immobilization. Calibration of the rate constants was done by adjusting them incrementally to minimize two measures of model goodness of fit, root mean square error (RMSE; Willmott and Matsura, 2005) and mean absolute error (MAE; (Mulvaney et al, 2010) and (b) post-calibration values of the rate constants (d -1 ) for the first order rate equations estimating hairy vetch and cereal rye C mineralization in the PNM model. Separate calibrations were done by crop, and for the no-till ("NT") treatments and the incorporated ("Incor") treatment.…”

Section: Cover Crop Mineralization Rate Constants-calibration and Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6]). If data on the residue components or compounds are available, and separate pools and rate constants for those pools can be defined, model simulations of cover crop decomposition can improve compared to C/N ratio alone (Schomberg et al, 1994;Hasegawa et al, 1999;Trinsoutrot et al, 2000;Cabrera et al, 2005;Mulvaney et al, 2010). This would remove the degree-day dependence for a shift of mineralization to more recalcitrant components currently in the PNM model, and potentially improve the model fit to measured data.…”

Section: Model Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimating Nitrogen Mineralization from Cover Crop Mixtures Using the Precision Nitrogen Management Model

Melkonian

Poffenbarger

Mirsky³

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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A gronomy J our n al • Volume 10 9, I ssue 5 • 2 017 C over crops can serve multiple beneficial functions in cropping systems including improving soil aggregate stability and infiltration, reducing soil erosion, weed suppression, and managing N (Snapp et al., 2005). The dual roles of cover crops for N management in cropping systems, both as a scavenger of excess soil N following a cash crop (often maize), and as a potential source of crop-available N to the subsequent main crop following cover crop termination in the spring, have been reported on extensively (ThorupKristensen et al., 2003). Kladivko et al. (2014) reported that, if wide spread adoption of cover crops (primarily cereal rye, Secale cereale L.) occurred in the central U.S. Corn Belt, nitrate N (NO 3 -N) loading to the Mississippi River could be reduced by approximately 20%. Despite the potentially beneficial functions of cover crops, they are used on less than 1% of cropland in the United States (Wallander, 2013). Increased costs and only minimal yield benefits with cover crops reported by farmers are among the top factors that limit their adoption (Werblow, 2015). Estimating the N contribution of cover crops to a cash crop following cover crop termination can potentially improve N management of cropping systems, increase profits and reduce N losses to the environment. The potential of cover crops to improve N management where maize is the main crop has been of particular interest because of the high N losses and relatively low N use efficiency (<40%) of maize production systems (Cassman et al., 2002).The N content, C/N ratio, chemical composition, winter hardiness, and biomass accumulation of a cover crop or cover crop mixture are important determinants of cover crop residue decomposition and N availability to the subsequent main crop due to this decomposition (Vigil et al., 1991; ThorupKristensen and Dresbøll, 2010;Weinert et al., 2002;Cabrera et al., 2005 ABSTRACTCover crops influence soil N dynamics and N availability to a subsequent crop. Dynamic simulation models, if properly calibrated and tested, can simulate C and N dynamics of a terminated cover crop and estimate crop-available N over diverse production environments. We calibrated and tested a dynamic simulation model modified to simulate C and N cover crop residue dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.) production systems. Data from a 2-yr field study of different cover crop residue mixtures, fertilizer rates, and tillage practices were used in model calibration and testing. First order rate constants governing cover crop residue decomposition were calibrated so that statistical measures of model best fit were optimized. Calibration resulted in a good fit between measured and modeled N release from the terminated cover crop mixtures (root mean square error [RMSE] = 14 kg N ha -1 ; Willmott's index of agreement (IA) = 0.92). The calibrated model performed reasonably well in the testing phase (RMSE = 25; IA = 0.88) with significantly better performance for the no-till (NT) treatments compared to t...

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“…In this family there are many compounds that are easily dissolved, which increases and accelerate the decomposition and mineralization of nutrients and carbon, favoring the microorganisms present in the soil (DE SOUZA et al, 2012). Thus, undoubtedly the use of integrated techniques that seek the rational use of these species is a conservationist practice (MULVANEY et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrients release by green manure species grown in cerrado/pantanal ecotone

Corrêa¹,

Teodoro²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

Biosci. J.

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Assessing the nutrient release by cover crops species, especially those used in green manure, is important for planning activities aimed at the higher economic return. The use of these species in order to improve the growing conditions in the transition region between the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes, which have particular characteristics, may be a viable alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of biomass produced and macronutrients released in this biomass by different green manure species grown in the Cerrado/Pantanal ecotone. The trial was carried out from April 2013 to June 2014 in the Plant Science sector at State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana-MS (Brazil). Experimental design was completely randomized arranged in time split plot, with four replications. First factor consisted of seven species of green manure, while the second were seven evaluation times (months). The variables evaluated were: dry mass of shoot and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) contents as a function of time. For all variables evaluated there was significant interaction between the green manure species and the collection months. Vegetable cover showed different rates of decomposition and nutrient release. Mucuna aterrima was the species that produced higher amounts of dry mass and nutrient content. After four months of cutting the plants, green manure species do not differentiate between the amounts of released nutrients.

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Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization and Persistence of Organic Residues under Conservation and Conventional Tillage

Abstract: All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: II - decomposição e liberação de nutrientes na entressafra

Sequências de culturas em sistema de semeadura direta: II - decomposição e liberação de nutrientes na entressafra

Estimating Nitrogen Mineralization from Cover Crop Mixtures Using the Precision Nitrogen Management Model

Macronutrients release by green manure species grown in cerrado/pantanal ecotone

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