Carbon and nitrogen mineralization as affected by drying and wetting cycles

Mikha, Maysoon M.; Rice, Charles W.; Milliken, George A.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.003

Cited by 329 publications

(195 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…When dry soil is wetted, the soil matric potential increases. Increasing soil matric potential caused the release of microbial C and N from intracellular solutes and cell lysis (Halverson et al 2000;Mikha et al 2005). This labile C and N could be utilized by soil microorganisms and induce the pulse of soil respiration (Bottner, 1985), which supports our findings of CO 2 emission peaks after each deposition event (Fig.…”

Section: Discussion N 2 O Co 2 and Nh 3 Emissions Affected By N Deposupporting

confidence: 85%

“…1). The fluctuation from wet to dry soil conditions due to precipitation can generally increase C and N mineralization rates for a few days (Franzluebbers et al 2000) by increasing the mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) (Denef et al 2001a(Denef et al , 2001b and affecting the soil's physical properties, such as aggregation (Mikha et al 2005). When dry soil is wetted, the soil matric potential increases.…”

Section: Discussion N 2 O Co 2 and Nh 3 Emissions Affected By N Depomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Sun

Chen

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Both nitrogen (N) deposition and biochar can affect the emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) from different soils. Here, we have established a simulated wet N deposition experiment to investigate the effects of N deposition and biochar addition on N 2 O and CO 2 emissions and NH 3 volatilization from agricultural and forest soils. Repacked soil columns were subjected to six N deposition events over a 1-year period. N was applied at rates of 0 (N0), 60 (N60), and 120 (N120) kg Nh a −1 yr −1 without or with biochar (0 and 30 t ha). For agricultural soil, adding N increased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 29.8% and 99.1% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 53.4% more (p < 0.05) N 2 O than the N60 treatment; NH 3 volatilization increased by 33.6% and 91.9% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 43.6% more (p < 0.05) NH 3 than N60; cumulative CO 2 emissions were not influenced by N addition. For forest soil, adding N significantly increased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 141.2% (p < 0.05) and 323.0% (p < 0.05) from N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and N120 emitted 75.4% more (p < 0.05) N 2 O than N60; NH 3 volatilization increased by 39.0% (p < 0.05) and 56.1% (p < 0.05) from the N60 and N120 treatments, respectively, as compared to without N treatments, and there was no obvious difference between N120 and N60 treatments; cumulative CO 2 emissions were not influenced by N addition. Biochar amendment significantly (p < 0.05) decreased cumulative N 2 O emissions by 20.2% and 25.5% from agricultural and forest soils, respectively, and increased CO 2 emissions slightly by 7.2% and NH 3 volatilization obviously by 21.0% in the agricultural soil, while significantly decreasing CO 2 emissions by 31.5% and NH 3 volatilization by 22.5% in the forest soil. These results suggest that N deposition would strengthen N 2 O and NH 3 emissions and have no effect on CO 2 emissions in both soils, and treatments receiving the higher N rate at N120 emitted obviously more N 2 O and NH 3 than the lower rate at N60. Under the simulated N deposition circumstances, biochar incorporation suppressed N 2 O emissions in both soils, and produced contrasting effects on CO 2 and NH 3 emissions, being enhanced in the agricultural soil while suppressed in the forest soil.

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Section: Discussion N 2 O Co 2 and Nh 3 Emissions Affected By N Deposupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussion N 2 O Co 2 and Nh 3 Emissions Affected By N Depomentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Sun

Chen

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Soil moisture may, however, aVect microbial activity negatively both during dry conditions by limiting the availability of water, and during wet conditions by limiting diVusion of O 2 through the soil. The amount and timing of precipitation, therefore, has the potential to impact the decomposition of soil organic carbon and thereby the carbon stocks (Heimann and Reichstein 2008;Mikha et al 2005). Nitrogen mineralization rates are also aVected by soil moisture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of effects of sustained decadal precipitation manipulations on soil carbon stocks

et al. 2008

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Throughout a 13 year period, the Throughfall Displacement Experiment sustained both increased (+33; wet) and decreased (¡33%; dry) throughfall into an upland oak forest in Tennessee. Organic (O) horizon carbon (C) stocks were measured at several occasions before, during and after the experiment and mineral soil C stocks before and after the experiment. In the O horizon, higher C stocks were observed in the dry treatment compared to the ambient and wet, attributable to a combination of enhanced litter inputs and reduced decomposition. No precipitation treatment eVects on mineral soil C stocks were found to a depth of 60 cm. Conversely, long-term reductions in surface mineral soil C stocks were surprisingly high for all treatments (3.5-2.7% C in the 0-15 cm layer and from 0.6 to 0.5% in the 15-30 cm layer) over the duration of the experiment. A clear explanation for this temporal trend in C storage was not readily apparent.

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“…They confirmed that the increases in water soluble P released from the microbial biomass Haygarth 2001, 2003). Furthermore, the flush of mineralized organic matter seemed to be mostly microbial in origin in as much as aggregate distribution was unaffected by air-drying and rewetting cycles (Mikha et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents

Xu¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Little is known about the effects of air-drying and freezing on the transformation of phosphorus (P) fractions in soils. It is important that the way in which soils respond to such perturbations is better understood as there are implications for both P availability and loss to surface waters from soils. In this study, the effects of air-drying and freezing were investigated using two soils, one being a forest soil (FS) high in organic matter and the other being a sterile soil (SS) low in organic matter. Soil P was fractionated using a modified Hedley fractionation method to examine the changes of phosphorus fractions induced by air-drying and freezing. Generally, there were no significant differences of total phosphorus among the three treatments (CV% < 10%). Compared with field moist soils, freezing the soil evoked few changes on phosphorus fractions except that the resin-P increased in FS soil. On the contrary, air-drying significantly changed the distribution of phosphors fractions for both soils: increased the labile-P (especially resin-P) and organic-P (NaHCO 3 -Po, NaOH-Po and Con.HCl-Po) at the expense of NaOH-Pi and occlude-P (Dil.HCl-P and Con.HCl-Pi). Resin-P significantly increased by 31% for SS soil and by 121% for FS soil upon air-drying. The effect of air-drying seemed to be more pronounced in the FS soil with high organic matter content. These results indicated that drying seem to drive the P transformation form occlude-P to labile-P and organic-P and accelerated the weathering of stable P pool. This potentially could be significant for soil P supply to plants and P losses from soils to surface waters under changing patterns of rainfall and temperature as predicted by some climate change scenarios.

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Carbon and nitrogen mineralization as affected by drying and wetting cycles

Cited by 329 publications

References 29 publications

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Evaluation of effects of sustained decadal precipitation manipulations on soil carbon stocks

Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents

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Carbon and nitrogen mineralization as affected by drying and wetting cycles

Cited by 329 publications

References 29 publications

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N2O, CO2and NH3from agricultural and forest soils

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N2O, CO2and NH3from agricultural and forest soils

Evaluation of effects of sustained decadal precipitation manipulations on soil carbon stocks

Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils

Combined effects of nitrogen deposition and biochar application on emissions of N₂O, CO₂and NH₃from agricultural and forest soils