Carbon black and chitin nanofibers for green tyres: Preparation and property evaluation

Mathew, Mariya; Dominic, C.D. Midhun; Neenu, K.V.; Begum, Pakiza; Dileep, P.; Kumar, T.G. Ajith; Sabu, Akshay Alax; Nagane, Dhiraj; Parameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar; Badawi, Michaël

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120700

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Along with green nanofibers, animal sources of nanofibers were reported such as chitin from crab shells for coloring dyes [51], and wool keratin nanofibers for the biomedical field [52]. It has also recently reported on developing green tires using chitin nanofibers (from prawn shells), natural rubber, and carbon black as a sustainable and circular economy approach [53]. Interestingly, a new green approach for the wearable biosensors that can be used in monitoring the physiological metabolism in biofluids (e.g., sweat, blood, saliva, urine, and tears) was reported by detecting glucose and uric acid [54] or a non-green approach [55].…”

Section: Nanofibers In the Water Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnology of Nanofiber in Water, Energy, and Food Sectors

Prokisch,

Sári,

Muthu

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Natural resources including water, energy, and food have an increase in demand due to the global population increases. The sustainable management of these resources is an urgent global issue. These resources combined in a very vital nexus are called the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus. The field of nanotechnology offers promising solutions to overcome several problems in the WEF nexus. This review is the first report that focuses on the suggested applications of nanofibers in the WEF sectors. An economic value of nanofibers in WEF sectors was confirmed, which was mainly successfully applied for producing clean water, sustainable energy, and safe food. Biotechnological solutions of nanofibers include various activities in water, energy, and food industries. These activities may include the production of fresh water and wastewater treatment, producing, converting, and storing energy, and different activities in the food sector. Furthermore, microbial applications of nanofibers in the biomedicine sector, and the most important biotechnological approaches, mainly plant tissue culture, are the specific focus of the current study. Applying nanofibers in the field of plant tissue culture is a promising approach because these nanofibers can prevent any microbial contamination under in vitro conditions, but the loss of media by evaporation is the main challenge in this application. The main challenges of nanofiber production and application depend on the type of nanofibers and their application. Different sectors are related to almost all activities in our life; however, enormous open questions still need to be answered, especially the green approach that can be used to solve the accumulative problems in those sectors. The need for research on integrated systems is also urgent in the nexus of WEF under the umbrella of environmental sustainability, global climate change, and the concept of one’s health.

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Section: Nanofibers In the Water Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnology of Nanofiber in Water, Energy, and Food Sectors

Prokisch,

Sári,

Muthu

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…Chitin nanofibers were used to replace carbon black in natural rubber formulations at up to 5 phr, keeping the carbon black loading constant (50 phr) [30]. The addition of 1 phr of nanofibers showed 47 and 160% improvement in tensile and tear strength, along with good rolling resistance (50% less) compared to formulation with carbon black alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Replacement of Carbon Black with Graphene in Tire Compounds: Transport Properties, Thermal Stability and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis

Rajan,

Gopanna,

Rafic

et al. 2024

ChemEngineering

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In this study, natural rubber (NR)/polybutadiene rubber (PB) blend-based composites were prepared using graphene as a partial replacement for carbon black (CB) in different parts per hundred rubber (phr) percentages. In a previous study, the vulcanization characteristics, viscoelastic behavior, and static mechanical properties were reported, and the compound labeled as compound 2 (with 2.5 phr of graphene and 52.5 phr of carbon black) showed optimum properties. Herein, we report the dynamic mechanical properties and the transport properties of the formulations to establish further characterization of the compounds. Three different organic solvents comprising benzene, toluene, and xylene were employed to analyze the sorption characteristics. The obtained data were also modeled with different theoretical predictions. The dynamic mechanical properties showed that certain compounds can be considered to be green tire formulations, as there were appreciable changes in the tanδ values at different temperatures (−25 °C to 60 °C). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that compound 2, with 2.5 phr of graphene, has a higher t50 value among the studied formulations, which indicates higher thermal stability than the base compound. The partial replacement of 2.5 phr of graphene in place of carbon black (total 55 phr) led to appreciable improvements in terms of thermal stability, transport properties, and dynamic mechanical properties.

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“…The annual production of carbon black is about 13-14 million tons [14]. Carbon black is used in the production of tires [15], rubbers and plastics, and it is used as a reinforcing component in composite materials [16]. Carbon can be used in the production of structural materials formed from carbon plastics [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Soot Deposits during Continuous Methane Pyrolysis in a Corundum Tube

Galtsov-Tsientsiala,

Dudoladov,

Grigorenko

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Methane pyrolysis is one of the promising methods for producing low-carbon hydrogen, while one of the main problems of methane pyrolysis technology is soot clogging of the reactor space. In this work, soot deposits were studied during continuous methane pyrolysis in a corundum tube with an inner diameter of 50 mm. Experiments were carried out at temperatures of 1000 °C, 1050 °C, 1100 °C, 1200 °C and 1400 °C with methane flow rates of 1 L/min and 5 L/min. Each experiment lasted 1 h. The formed soot accumulated inside the reactor (corundum tube) and the connected filter, where the gaseous product of methane pyrolysis was separated from the soot. The gaseous product was studied by gas chromatography. The soot was studied by SEM, BET and ICP-MS. With an increase in the temperature of the pyrolysis process from 1000 to 1200 °C, the hydrogen yield increased from 28.64 to 92.74% and from 1.10% to 72.09% at a methane flow rate of 1 and 5 L/min, respectively. The yield of soot increased from 1.28 g at 1000 °C to 43.9 g at 1400 °C (at a methane flow rate of 1 L/min). With an increase in the flow rate of methane from 1 to 5 l/min, the yield of soot at 1200 °C increased by almost two times to 75.65 g. It was established that in the region of the reactor where maximum heating occurs, the accumulated soot sinters and forms dense growths. At 1050 °C, the particle size of soot varies from 155 to 650 nm, at 1200 °C—from 157 to 896 nm, and at 1400 °C—from 77 to 532 nm. The specific surface of soot was 3.5 m2/g at 1000 °C and 8.0 m2/g at 1400 °C. The purity of the produced carbon black was about 99.95%. This study is useful in the selection of materials and technical solutions for a pilot plant for methane pyrolysis.

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Carbon black and chitin nanofibers for green tyres: Preparation and property evaluation

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Biotechnology of Nanofiber in Water, Energy, and Food Sectors

Biotechnology of Nanofiber in Water, Energy, and Food Sectors

Partial Replacement of Carbon Black with Graphene in Tire Compounds: Transport Properties, Thermal Stability and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis

Study of Soot Deposits during Continuous Methane Pyrolysis in a Corundum Tube

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