Carbon Coated NASICON Type Li₃V_2-xM_x(PO₄)₃(M=Mn, Fe and Al) Materials with Enhanced Cyclability for Li-Ion Batteries

Abstract

We report the synthesis and optimization of metal (Mn, Fe and Al) doped NASICON type Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 by solid-state reaction method. Among the metal doping, 0.02 mol concentration of Al is found better performing electrode while approaching the removal of three moles of lithium between 3-4.8 V vs. Li. Adipic acid with various concentrations is used to generate in-situ carbon layer over the 0.02 mol Al doped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 particulates (Li 3 V 1.98 Al 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 ). Presence of carbon on the surface of particulates is confirmed by TEM and Raman analysis. Half-cell Li/C-Li 3 V 1.98 Al 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 (0.15 mol of adipic acid) exhibited the highest reversible capacity of ∼182 mAh g −1 (2.77 moles of lithium) at a current density of 0.1 mA cm −2 compared to rest of the adipic acid concentrations. Further, the cell retained 83% of capacity after 50 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles at ambient conditions. Li-insertion/extraction mechanism and improvement in electronic conductivity profiles are validated through cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively.

Research Progress on Negative Electrodes for Practical Li‐Ion Batteries: Beyond Carbonaceous Anodes

“…An attempt has also been made to evaluate the compatibility with other high voltage configurations such as LiNi 0.45 Co 0.1 Mn 1.45 O 4 and similar performance was observed . Fe‐doped LiCoPO 4 (LiFe x Co 1‐ x PO 4 ) is considered to be one of the promising solutions for the fabrication of high energy density Li‐ion power packs . To keep the issues of LiCoPO 4 based cathodes with conventional electrolyte, PyR 14 FSI‐LiTFSI was used as a cathode .…”

Improving high-rate performance of mesoporous Li2FeSiO4/Fe7SiO10/C nanocomposite cathode with a mixed valence Fe7SiO10 nanocrystal

“…A variety of approaches have been developed to improve electrode kinetics. The electronic conductivity of electrode materials has been generally improved by cationic doping, [16][17][18][19][20][21] and carbon or conducting polymer coating, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] whereas ionic transport is enhanced by nanostructuring the electrode appropriately due to shortening the diffusion distance for Li + as well as increasing the effective interface area. [2][3][4][5][24][25][26] Although a carbon coating can form three-dimensional (3-D) conduction networks, the rate performance of the cathode is signicantly restricted by the sluggish kinetics of the electron and lithiumion transport within LFS nanocrystals.…”

Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: A review

“…The positive effects of ion-doping on the capacity delivery, cycle life, and rate capability of LVP have been extensively demonstrated by different research groups[281][282][283]. Many supervalent cations, including Co 2+[284], Mn 2+[285], Ni 2+[286], Mg 2+[287], Ca 2+[254], Fe 3+[146], Cr 3+[161], Al 3+[288], Ce 3+[289], Sc 3+[254], Sn 4+…”