Carbon composite beads for immobilization of carbonic anhydrase

Carbonic Anhydrase: An Efficient Enzyme with Possible Global Implications

“…[38,64]. A technique currently employed in the industrial setting to improve the stability of CAs is via immobilization onto a variety of inorganic [39][40][41][42][43] and biopolymer surfaces [44,45], including enriched microorganisms [21,46], as well as onto matrices containing acrylamide, alginate, and chitosan-alginate [47,48]. Other techniques include site-directed mutagenesis to rationally design faster [65] and/or more stabile [64,66] variants of HCA II.…”

“…The algal CA can also serve as a great source for calcite (CaCO 3 ) production, being critical in many construction, agricultural, and industrial materials. Immobilized onto a variety of surfaces including enriched microorganisms, alginates, and inorganic material [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Biofuel production Mass algal growth and harvesting as an alternative fuel source Provides inorganic carbon in the soluble form of bicarbonate to Rubisco, the rate-limiting step in biomass production [49][50][51][52][53][54][55] Calcite production Chemical conversion of bicarbonate to calcite, used in construction and agricultural materials Provides bicarbonate at a rapid rate via the catalytic hydration of CO 2 that is captured as a result of carbon sequestration and biofuel production [56][57][58][59] cultivation of algae would also yield beneficial medicinal agents such as proteins, fatty acids, vitamin A, minerals, pigments, dietary supplements, and other biomolecules [77]. The CAs play an important role in the carbon fixation pathways in photosynthetic organisms (plants, algae, and cyanobacteria).…”

Engineered Mammalian Carbonic Anhydrases for CO2 Capture

“…To improve upon the stability of CAs for use in an industrial carbon sequestration setting, researchers have studied the immobilization of CA onto various inorganic (41)(42)(43)(44)(45) and biopolymer surfaces (46,76), which include enriched microorganisms (48,49), in addition to adhesion onto several matrices such as chitosan, alginate, and acrylamide (50,51). The immobilization of CA onto these materials is facilitated by the number of free hydroxyl groups and surface lysine resides of the particular isoform (52) (Figure 16.2).…”

Carbonic anhydrase: Its biocatalytic mechanisms and functional properties for efficient CO2 capture process development

“…Various methods for enzyme immobilizations, adsorption, covalence, entrapment, cross‐linking, or affinity, are now being employed . BCA immobilized onto octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane‐functionalized Fe 3 O 4 /SiO 2 nanoparticles has shown activity 26‐fold higher than free enzyme up to 30 cycles of reuse and has retained nearly 82% of its activity after 30 days .…”

“…Immobilization of CA is an important strategy to develop efficient enzymatic CO 2 sequestration systems because the immobilized CA may show appropriate performances such as good operational stability and storage stability, lowered influence of inhibitor, and reproducible reaction activity. Various methods for enzyme immobilizations, adsorption, covalence, entrapment, cross-linking, or affinity, are now being employed [65,[77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85]. BCA immobilized onto octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 /SiO 2 nanoparticles has shown activity 26-fold higher than free enzyme up to 30 cycles of reuse and has retained Figure 5.…”