Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor High Temperature Electrolysis

High Temperature Electrolysis in Alkaline Cells, Solid Proton Conducting Cells, and Solid Oxide Cells

“…The reversibility of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), i.e., also operating as a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), was demonstrated for both H 2 O ,,− and CO 2 ,− in the early 1980s, and research was focused on the use of heat from solar concentrators or waste heat from power stations/nuclear reactors. , Although the cells are reversible, slightly lower performance is normally observed in electrolysis mode. For both H 2 O/H 2 and CO 2 /CO mixtures a marginally higher activity toward oxidation (operation in fuel cell mode) is found in comparison to reduction (operation in electrolysis mode). ,,− On the basis of a theoretic study, it was suggested that this difference between oxidation and reduction lies in the slower diffusion of H 2 O compared to H 2 .…”

Poisoning of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells by Impurities

“…15 So far, the co-electrolysis of H 2 O and CO 2 has only been presented in a few studies. 15,[29][30][31][32] Relatively little information on the long-term stability of Ni/ yttria-stabilized zirconia ͑YSZ͒-based SOECs is available. A few studies have reported short-term ͑shorter than 500 h͒ [32][33][34][35] and longterm ͑longer than 500 h͒ 9,15,24,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] durability.…”

Co-Electrolysis of Steam and Carbon Dioxide in Solid Oxide Cells

“…2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] These studies were performed on SOCs based on metal cermet electrodes of palladium, platinum or nickel. 2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The first studies of CO 2 electrolysis were performed in platinum and nickel based SOCs at NASA as a means for producing oxygen. 2,[9][10][11]13,15 Co-electrolysis has only been shown in a few studies, 7,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and there are discrepancies whether CO is produced via the ...…”

“…2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The first studies of CO 2 electrolysis were performed in platinum and nickel based SOCs at NASA as a means for producing oxygen. 2,[9][10][11]13,15 Co-electrolysis has only been shown in a few studies, 7,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and there are discrepancies whether CO is produced via the reverse water gas shift reaction solely and that no electrolysis of CO 2 occur 25,26 or if CO is produced both via the reverse water gas shift reaction and via electrolysis of CO 2 . 7,23 It is the aim of the present study to investigate the reaction mechanism during co-electrolysis and to investigate the reaction mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of H 2 O and CO 2 , as well as oxidation of H 2 and CO in mixtures of H 2 O -H 2 , CO 2 -CO and H 2 O -CO 2 -H 2 -CO to gain insight in the reaction mechanism and to establish the effect of the Water Gas Shift (WGS)/Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction.…”