Carbon Dioxide Emission Evaluation of Porous Vegetation Concrete Blocks for Ecological Restoration Projects

Abstract

Abstract:The purpose of this study is to determine the mix proportions that can minimize CO 2 emissions while satisfying the target performance of porous vegetation concrete. The target performance of porous vegetation concrete was selected as compressive strength (>15 MPa) and void ratio (>25%). This study considered the use of reinforcing fiber and styrene butadiene (SB) latex to improve the strength of porous vegetation concrete, as well as the use of blast furnace slag aggregate to improve the CO 2 emissions-reducing effect, and analyzed and evaluated the influence of fiber reinforcing, SB latex, and blast furnace slag aggregate on the compressive strength and CO 2 emissions of porous vegetation concrete. The CO 2 emissions of the raw materials were highest for cement, followed by aggregate, SB latex, and fiber. Blast furnace slag aggregate showed a 30% or more CO 2 emissions-reducing effect versus crushed aggregate, and blast furnace slag cement showed a 78% CO 2 emissions-reducing effect versus Portland cement. The CO 2 emissions analyses for each raw material showed that the CO 2 emissions during transportation were highest for the aggregate. Regarding CO 2 emissions in each production stage, the materials stage produced the highest CO 2 emissions, while the proportion of CO 2 emissions in the transportation stage for each raw material, excluding fiber, were below 3% of total emissions. Use of blast furnace slag aggregate in porous vegetation concrete produced CO 2 emissions-reducing effects, but decreased its compressive strength. Use of latex in porous vegetation concrete improved its compressive strength, but also increased CO 2 emissions. Thus, it is appropriate to use latex in porous vegetation concrete to improve its strength and void ratio, and to use a blast furnace slag aggregate replacement ratio of 40% or less.

Study on the Preparation and Properties of Vegetation Lightweight Porous Concrete

“…VLPC boasts a considerable pore volume and a distinctive pore structure [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], resulting in enhanced water permeability [ 7 ], efficient heat dissipation capacity [ 8 ], and notable sound absorption capability [ 9 ]. These inherent characteristics render VLPC highly valuable for mitigating urban waterlogging [ 10 ], minimizing noise pollution [ 11 ], and fostering urban ecological development. Consequently, VLPC plays a pivotal role in the implementation of the concept of sponge cities [ 3 ].…”

Moisture Characteristics of Improved Gravelly Guest Soil for Bio-slope-engineering

“…Therefore, it is di cult for plants to settle and reproduce on the cutting slope formed by excavation. To solve this problem, based on the advanced experience of vegetation slope protection, the researchers have developed slope soil improvement techniques (Xu et al 2013;Zhang 2001;Wang et al 2003;Kim and Park 2016;Kim et al 2017;Chen et al 2013;). The new technology of spraying and mixing greening has been widely used in the greening of rock slopes (Zhang et al 2000).…”

“…Additives in the soil have been proved to be bene cial to plant growth in the mixture (Harianto et al 2008). The industrial by-products (Kim and Park 2016) and other organic compounds (Kim et al 2017) have been used as vegetation concrete llers, which get great effect. Additionally, Chen et al (2013) proved that when the content of concrete was 4%, the germination rate of vegetation seeds was the highest.…”

Research on structural compatibility of eco‐porous concrete and vegetation

“…. Some researchers planted vegetation on the surface of eco‐porous concrete (EPC), and the vegetation mainly relies on the surface soil to sustain life . Nevertheless, the vegetation may die when the nutrition in the surface soil was consumed or suffering from bad weather.…”