Carbon fibers

Acatay, Kazım

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101871-2.00006-0

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, fast expansion of the application of carbon fibres to industry will only continue if they can be produced at low cost without compromising physical properties [1]. Carbon fibres using synthetic rayon as the precursor have been developed since 1960 [2,3], and carbon fibres from pitch have been produced with a high elastic modulus since 1963 [4]. Carbon fibres derived from pitch precursors are primarily categorised into two kinds on the basis of their properties and type of pitch precursor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing Pitch and Polyethylene Blends-Based Fibres as Potential Carbon Fibre Precursors

2021

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The advantage of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibres is their high modulus, but pitch-based carbon fibres and precursors are very brittle. This paper reports the development of a unique manufacturing method using a blend of pitch and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) from which it is possible to obtain precursors that are less brittle than neat pitch fibres. This study reports on the structure and properties of pitch and LLDPE blend precursors with LLDPE content ranging from 5 wt% to 20 wt%. Fibre microstructure was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed a two-phase region having distinct pitch fibre and LLDPE regions. Tensile testing of neat pitch fibres showed low strain to failure (brittle), but as the percentage of LLDPE was increased, the strain to failure and tensile strength both increased by a factor of more than 7. DSC characterisation of the melting/crystallization behaviour of LLDPE showed melting occurred around 120 °C to 124 °C, with crystallization between 99 °C and 103 °C. TGA measurements showed that for 5 wt%, 10 wt% LLDPE thermal stability was excellent to 800 °C. Blend pitch/LLDPE carbon fibres showed reduced brittleness combined with excellent thermal stability, and thus are a candidate as a potential precursor for pitch-based carbon fibre manufacturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PE has a higher carbon content and carbonation rate in addition to its congruence nature [11,13,14]. Its inherent defects make MPCF brittle, and that makes the spinning of these fibres difficult [3,4]. The stabilisation of MPCF is the most important stage in production, but it is so slow that it is by far the most inefficient stage [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing Pitch and Polyethylene Blends-Based Fibres as Potential Carbon Fibre Precursors

2021

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“…However, the application of carbon fiber-reinforced composites in the automotive industry requires a thorough understanding of their mechanical behavior and performance under various loading conditions. 20,21 Recent studies have focused on the fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of CFRP in automotive components, as well as on the development of new manufacturing processes and design methodologies for optimizing their performance. 2,6,12,14,22 These studies have contributed to the advancement of CFRP in the automotive industry, paving the way for the development of sustainable and lightweight vehicles that meet the industry's stringent performance and safety standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue and durability assessment of PA6-based carbon fiber composites for lightweight applications

Morgado,

Montagna,

Gouvêa

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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The use of lightweight structural elements across various industries has seen significant progress due to the adoption of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). Among these, polyamide 6 (PA6) stands out as a prevalent thermoplastic polymer, renowned for its exceptional processability, favorable mechanical attributes, and cost-effectiveness. These qualities position it as a compelling candidate for serving as a matrix material in CFRPs. Nevertheless, as these composites find application in the development of lightweight automotive components, there arises a need for a more comprehensive comprehension of their mechanical characteristics and responses under diverse loading scenarios, encompassing fatigue behavior. So, this study investigated the mechanical behavior of CFRP based on the PA6 matrix under tensile and fatigue loading. The volumetric fractions of CF, PA6 matrix, and voids of the CF/PA6 composites were determined by acid digestion analysis, and the values of 48%, 51.6%, and 0.4%, respectively, indicated the good quality of the studied laminate. Tensile tests showed good repeatability, and the results were used to establish fatigue limits at a ratio (R) of 0.1. Fatigue tests showed that the CFRP had an infinite life of 1 million cycles at a stress level of 75%. Fractographic analysis revealed that specimens tested at lower levels of fatigue had better fracture aspects compared to those tested at higher levels. These findings contribute to the understanding of the fatigue behavior of CFRP with PA6 matrix and provide insights for their potential use in applications for lightweight structures.

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“…Carbon fibres (CFs) with manmade rayon as precursor had been created by 1960 [8,9], and by 1963, carbon fibres with a high elastic modulus were being manufactured from pitch [10]. Due to superior mechanical, electrical, and thermal features, CFs are extensively employed in numerous applications, ranging from space exploration to healthcare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of High-Concentration LLDPE on the Manufacturing Process and Morphology of Pitch/LLDPE Fibres

2021

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A high modulus of elasticity is a distinctive feature of carbon fibres produced from mesophase pitch. In this work, we expand our previous study of pitch/linear low-density polyethylene blend fibres, increasing the concentration of the linear low-density polyethylene in the blend into the range of from 30 to 90 wt%. A scanning electron microscope study showed two distinct phases in the fibres: one linear low-density polyethylene, and the other pitch fibre. Unique morphologies of the blend were observed. They ranged from continuous microfibres of pitch embedded in linear low-density polyethylene (occurring at high concentrations of pitch) to a discontinuous region showing the presence of spherical pitch nodules (at high concentrations of linear low-density polyethylene). The corresponding mechanical properties—such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, and strain at failure—of different concentrations of linear low-density polyethylene in the pitch fibre were measured and are reported here. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate how the increased linear low-density polyethylene content affected the thermal stability of linear low-density polyethylene/pitch fibres. It is shown that selecting appropriate linear low-density polyethylene concentrations is required, depending on the requirement of thermal stability and mechanical properties of the fibres. Our study offers new and useful guidance to the scientific community to help select the appropriate combinations of linear low-density polyethylene/pitch blend concentrations based on the required mechanical property and thermal stability of the fibres.

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Carbon fibers

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Manufacturing Pitch and Polyethylene Blends-Based Fibres as Potential Carbon Fibre Precursors

Manufacturing Pitch and Polyethylene Blends-Based Fibres as Potential Carbon Fibre Precursors

Fatigue and durability assessment of PA6-based carbon fiber composites for lightweight applications

Influence of High-Concentration LLDPE on the Manufacturing Process and Morphology of Pitch/LLDPE Fibres

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