Carbon Fluxes in the Rhizosphere

Cheng, Weixin; Gershenson, Alexander

doi:10.1016/b978-012088775-0/50004-5

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…If that mineral-nutrient pool is near the active uptake zone of the root (Figure 1b), ammonium can be taken up by the plant. In sum, through a multitrophic interaction, the root has exchanged carbon (which fed microbes initially, Cheng & Gershenson 2006) for nitrogen (released by grazers). Clarholm's (1985) trophic interactions (Figure 1b) and the water fluxes into and out of roots (Figure 1a) interact (Figure 1c), but how the resulting spatio-temporal patterning in resource availability affects rhizosphere community biomass, gene expression, composition, trophic interactions, and nutrient cycling remains unknown.…”

Section: Component 2: Rhizosphere Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Exchange in the Rhizosphere: Molecular Tools and the Microbial Perspective

Cardon

Gage

2006

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

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The interface between living plant roots and soils (the rhizosphere) is a central commodities exchange, where organic carbon flux from roots fuels decomposers that, in turn, can make nutrients available to roots. This ongoing exchange operates in the path of vast, transpiration-driven water flow. How the spatio-temporal patterning in resource availability around plant roots affects rhizosphere community composition, activity, and nutrient cycling remains unknown. This review considers how molecular approaches contribute to the exploration of rhizosphere resource exchange, highlighting several recently developed methods linking microbial identity with substrate uptake and gene expression. In particular, strengths and weaknesses of genetically engineered bioreporters are discussed, because currently they alone provide in situ spatio-temporal information at scales of rhizosphere organisms. The soil spatial context is an emerging frontier in ecological soils research. We conclude with parallels linking empirical investigation in the rhizosphere with the quest for understanding general rhizosphere function in Earth's diverse ecosystems. 459 Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2006.37:459-488. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Dokuz Eylul University on 11/04/14. For personal use only.

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Section: Component 2: Rhizosphere Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Exchange in the Rhizosphere: Molecular Tools and the Microbial Perspective

Cardon

Gage

2006

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

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“…Due to the heterotrophic nature of fungi, we predicted that under rather similar environmental conditions, tree genotypes differing in their productivity would support different taxonomic and functional fungal assemblages. Since carbon inputs are tightly linked to the phenology of trees (Buée et al ., ; Koide et al ., ) and the influence of roots (Cheng and Gershenson, ), fungal responses to the tree genotype would be dependent on the season, and will particularly affect obligate biotrophic fungal guilds such as the ectomycorrhizal one. Expected structural shifts in fungal communities were further predicted to entail functional consequences related with the cycling of nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional outcomes of fungal community shifts driven by tree genotype and spatial‐temporal factors in Mediterranean pine forests

Pérez‐Izquierdo

Zabal‐Aguirre

Flores‐Rentería

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Fungi provide relevant ecosystem services contributing to primary productivity and the cycling of nutrients in forests. These fungal inputs can be decisive for the resilience of Mediterranean forests under global change scenarios, making necessary an in-deep knowledge about how fungal communities operate in these ecosystems. By using high-throughput sequencing and enzymatic approaches, we studied the fungal communities associated with three genotypic variants of Pinus pinaster trees, in 45-year-old common garden plantations. We aimed to determine the impact of biotic (i.e., tree genotype) and abiotic (i.e., season, site) factors on the fungal community structure, and to explore whether structural shifts triggered functional responses affecting relevant ecosystem processes. Tree genotype and spatial-temporal factors were pivotal structuring fungal communities, mainly by influencing their assemblage and selecting certain fungi. Diversity variations of total fungal community and of that of specific fungal guilds, together with edaphic properties and tree's productivity, explained relevant ecosystem services such as processes involved in carbon turnover and phosphorous mobilization. A mechanistic model integrating relations of these variables and ecosystem functional outcomes is provided. Our results highlight the importance of structural shifts in fungal communities because they may have functional consequences for key ecosystem processes in Mediterranean forests.

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“…Although the actual physical extent of the rhizosphere can vary both spatially and temporally, at any given time, the rhizosphere is presumed to extend 2-10 mm from the root surface [2][3][4]. Within this region, abiotic and biotic factors, such as rhizodeposition (including water-soluble exudates, sloughed cells and mucilage), water uptake, soil pH and competition for nutrients, create a unique environment for soil microbes compared to bulk soil [5][6][7][8]. The rhizosphere habitat commonly displays increased microbial biomass and activity, decreased diversity and microbial compositions that are distinct from those of the bulk soil [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Dynamics in Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities of Three Perennial Grassland Species

2016

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Abstract:Rhizodeposition is considered a primary reason for the plant identity effect. However, the detection of distinct rhizosphere bacterial communities (RBC) with different plant species has been variable. The aim of this study was to examine the potential explanations for this variability using three perennial grassland species. In a Kansas field experiment, over two growing seasons, we sampled RBC during the active growth and flowering stages of Agrostis gigantea, Andropogon gerardii and Helianthus maximiliani to: (1) determine the extent of the plant identity effect among these species and if the effect was maintained over time; (2) assess if RBC showed seasonal patterns, corresponding to plant phenology; and (3) examine if soil properties were important for structuring these communities. We found that Helianthus RBC were distinct from those of Agrostis and Andropogon only when Helianthus was flowering. Further, Helianthus RBC exhibited seasonal shifts corresponding to plant phenology. In contrast, Agrostis and Andropogon RBC were similar over time and exhibited gradual non-seasonal changes in compositions. Similar results were observed when accounting for soil properties. Overall, the observance of a plant identity effect depended on the plant species and when RBC were sampled. The seasonality of RBC also depended on the plant species examined.

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Carbon Fluxes in the Rhizosphere

Cited by 43 publications

References 76 publications

Resource Exchange in the Rhizosphere: Molecular Tools and the Microbial Perspective

Resource Exchange in the Rhizosphere: Molecular Tools and the Microbial Perspective

Functional outcomes of fungal community shifts driven by tree genotype and spatial‐temporal factors in Mediterranean pine forests

Temporal Dynamics in Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities of Three Perennial Grassland Species

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