Carbon Monoxide Toxicity after Lighting Coals at a Hookah Bar

Misek, Ryan; Patte, Christine

doi:10.1007/s13181-013-0368-x

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…CO has been implicated to play a major role in a multitude of cardiovascular and airway diseases, including atherosclerosis,36 37 cardiomyopathy,38 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,39 respiratory infections,40 asthma41 and cystic fibrosis 42. CO poisoning after hookah smoking has already been found in a number of case reports, with users presenting carboxyhaemoglobin levels 34% higher than normal after hookah use,43 44 syncope45 and confusion 46. It has been suggested that CO intoxication due to hookah smoking is likely to be more common than that was realised due to inefficient charcoal burning 30 47.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hookah smoking on indoor air quality in homes

et al. 2016

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Introduction Hookahs (water pipes) are rapidly increasing in popularity worldwide. Evidence suggests that although perceived as safer than cigarette smoke, hookah smoke may be as, or even more, dangerous as cigarette smoke. Methods Air samples from 33 homes—11 where only hookah-smoking occurred, 12 with only cigarettes and 10 with no smoking—were collected to analyse concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, elemental and organic carbon and carbon monoxide (CO). Air quality was assessed in rooms where smoking occurred and in an adjacent room. Results Hookah and cigarette smoking impaired home air quality. The rooms in which hookahs were smoked showed the highest concentrations for all pollutants. CO was significantly greater in the rooms where hookahs were smoked than in the cigarette-smoking rooms and the non-smoking households (p<0.05). In addition, CO levels in the rooms adjacent to where hookah was smoked were 2.5-fold to 4-fold greater than those in the smoking and non-smoking rooms of the cigarette homes (p<0.05). PM2.5 levels were also elevated in hookah homes compared to cigarette and non-smoking homes, although not significantly different. Conclusions This study, the first of its kind, demonstrates potentially hazardous levels of home air pollution in rooms where hookahs are being smoked as well as in adjacent rooms. These levels were greater than those in cigarette smoking homes, raising concerns about potential negative health effects on all individuals living in homes where hookahs are smoked.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hookah smoking on indoor air quality in homes

et al. 2016

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“…Sidestream hookah smoke contains 30 times the amount of CO as a single cigarette and CO levels within the ambient environment of hookah bars can be as high as 50 ppm (Daher, 1994; Zhou, 2014). In addition, several cases of acute symptomatic CO poisoning have been reported in teenagers and young adults following water pipe use (La Fauci, 2012; Misek, 2014; von Rappard, 2014). CO toxicity in these cases manifested with syncope or loss of consciousness (La Fauci, 2012; Misek, 2014; von Rappard, 2014).…”

Section: Environmental Co and Overt Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, several cases of acute symptomatic CO poisoning have been reported in teenagers and young adults following water pipe use (La Fauci, 2012; Misek, 2014; von Rappard, 2014). CO toxicity in these cases manifested with syncope or loss of consciousness (La Fauci, 2012; Misek, 2014; von Rappard, 2014). Thus, hookah use is rapidly becoming a public health issue and combustion of water pipe tobacco is a significant source of indoor CO pollution in certain environments.…”

Section: Environmental Co and Overt Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hookah smokers, on the other hand, are exposed to even greater concentrations of CO (Daher, 1994). Active hookah smoking increases COHb levels to three times that of conventional cigarette smokers and COHb levels as high as 33.8% have been reported (Martinasek, 2014; Misek, 2014). In addition, following waterpipe use, CO concentrations in a smoker’s exhaled breath may be as high as 58 ppm (Martinasek, 2014).…”

Section: Tobacco Smoke and Neurodevelopmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon monoxide pollution and neurodevelopment: A public health concern

Levy¹

2015

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

119

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Although an association between air pollution and adverse systemic health effects has been known for years, the effect of pollutants on neurodevelopment has been underappreciated. Recent evidence suggests a possible link between air pollution and neurocognitive impairment and behavioral disorders in children, however, the exact nature of this relationship remains poorly understood. Infants and children are uniquely vulnerable due to the potential for exposure in both the fetal and postnatal environments during critical periods in development. Carbon monoxide (CO), a common component of indoor and outdoor air pollution, can cross the placenta to gain access to the fetal circulation and the developing brain. Thus, CO is of particular interest as a known neurotoxin and a potential public health threat. Here we review overt CO toxicity and the policies regulating CO exposure, detail the evidence suggesting a potential link between CO-associated ambient air pollution, tobacco smoke, and learning and behavioral abnormalities in children, describe the effects of subclinical CO exposure on the brain during development, and provide mechanistic insight into a potential connection between CO exposure and neurodevelopmental outcome. CO can disrupt a number of critical processes in the developing brain, providing a better understanding of how this specific neurotoxin may impair neurodevelopment. However, further investigation is needed to better define the effects of perinatal CO exposure on the immature brain. Current policies regarding CO standards were established based on evidence of cardiovascular risk in adults with pre-existing comorbidities. Thus, recent and emerging data highlighted in this review regarding CO exposure in the fetus and developing child may be important to consider when the standards and guidelines are evaluated and revised in the future.

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“…Multiple studies have demonstrated hazardous occupational exposures in hookah bars . A study evaluating the indoor air quality in 17 Virginia waterpipe cafés showed high fine particulate matter (PM) 2.5 concentrations in all smoking rooms .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%