Carbon Nanomaterials Modified Biomimetic Dental Implants for Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Dental implants are used broadly in dental clinics as the most natural-looking restoration option for replacing missing or highly diseased teeth. However, dental implant failure is a crucial issue for diabetic patients in need of dentition restoration, particularly when a lack of osseointegration and immunoregulatory incompetency occur during the healing phase, resulting in infection and fibrous encapsulation. Bio-inspired or biomimetic materials, which can mimic the characteristics of natural elements, are being investigated for use in the implant industry. This review discusses different biomimetic dental implants in terms of structural changes that enable antibacterial properties, drug delivery, immunomodulation, and osseointegration. We subsequently summarize the modification of dental implants for diabetes patients utilizing carbon nanomaterials, which have been recently found to improve the characteristics of biomimetic dental implants, including through antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities, and by offering drug delivery properties that are essential for the success of dental implants.

Therapeutic Potential of Nanomaterial-based Drug Delivery

“…Their nanometer-size enhances their stability in the Utilizing polymers is a breeze, and the results may be endlessly varied molecular patterns that can be integrated into unique nanoparticle formations that have several potential medicinal applications. 41 Albumin, gelatin, chitosan and sodium alginate were the natural polymers used in the development of PNPs. 42 .…”

Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery through Skin to Treat Various Diseases: Recent Trends and Future Perspective

“…Tese materials have been recognized for exceptional mechanical, electrochemical, thermodynamic, optical, or chemical capabilities, as well as their distinctive structural dimensions [73]. Low toxicity and antiinfammatory have been reported when these carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been combined with diferent drugs, proteins, nucleic acids, and bioactive peptides [74]. Novel functionalized CNMs are characterized by biocompatibility, efective drug loading, and the absence of immunogenicity [75].…”

An overview of dental implant biomaterials

“…On carbon-coated zirconia, numerous in vitro studies showed superior cell adhesion compared to an uncoated disc. To the contrary of metals, plastics, and other ceramics, these carbonaceous materials do not experience fatigue [27,28]. However, because of their inherent fragility and poor tensile strength, they cannot be used in heavy load-bearing applications [4,16,25,27].…”