Carbon nanoparticle surface functionalisation: converting negatively charged sulfonate to positively charged sulfonamide

Carbon Nanoparticle Surface Electrochemistry: High‐Density Covalent Immobilisation and Pore‐Reactivity of 9,10‐Anthraquinone

“…After evaporation of ethanol in air, non-uniform aggregates were visible on the electrode surface. [19]). Therefore the density of anthraquinone molecules bound to the carbon surface is relatively high with an approximate "molecular footprint" of 180 2 per anthraquinone (or approximately 5 10 À13 mol cm…”

“…It was possible to form surface sulfonamides with additional amine functionality by reacting enthylendiamine with the sulfonyl chloride intermediate [19] (see Figure 1). The resulting amine-functionalised particles were shown to possess typically 600 amine functional groups and allow electrostatic binding for example to anionic indigo carmine [20].…”

Electrochemical Detection of Positively Charged Carbon Nanoparticles Suspension in Flow

“…Indium‐tin oxide (ITO) coated glass plates (8–12 Ω cm 2 ) were obtained from Delta Technologies Ltd. USA. CNPs + were prepared by conversion of CNPs − functionalities to positively charged sulfonamide functionalities by literature procedure . Water was filtered and demineralised with an ELIX system (Millipore).…”

Synthesis and characterization of porous carbon–MoS2 nanohybrid materials: electrocatalytic performance towards selected biomolecules

“…Positively charged CNP were prepared by earlier described procedure. 41 Polishing pad and alumina slurries were obtained from Buehler.…”

“…For this purpose, we selected negatively charged phenylsulfonated carbon nanoparticles (CNPÀ) commercially available from Emperor2000 and their positively charged counterparts (CNP+) where phenylsulfonated functionalities were converted to sulphonamides. 41 These nanoparticles belong to the wide range of functionalised carbon nanoparticles 42 and have previously exhibited electrocatalytic properties toward oxidation of biologically active compounds as ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid and separation of their electrochemical signals. 43,44 Interestingly, other MoS 2 hybrids with reduced graphene oxide and other components were recently prepared and applied for the same purpose.…”