Carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change

Sundquist, Eric T.; Burruss, Robert A.; Faulkner, Stephen P.; Gleason, Robert A.; Harden, J. W.; Kharaka, Yousif K.; Tieszen, Larry L.; Waldrop, Mark P.

doi:10.3133/fs20083097

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Sundquist et al [3] pointed-out, mitigation of atmospheric CO 2 requires an approach that combines reductions in CO 2 emissions with increasing CO 2 storage. One of the most effective mechanisms for offsetting carbon (C) emissions is the fixation of atmospheric CO 2 into plant tissues [3,4]. In the United States (U.S.), forests represent over 90% of the terrestrial C sink, equivalent to 12 to 16% of the U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [2], and southern pines represent around 36% of the terrestrial C stock in the conterminous U.S. [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Flexible Hybrid Model of Life Cycle Carbon Balance for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Management Systems

Gonzalez‐Benecke

Martin

Jokela

et al. 2011

Forests

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Abstract:In this study we analyzed the effects of silvicultural treatments on carbon (C) budgets in Pinus taeda L. (loblolly pine) plantations in the southeastern United States. We developed a hybrid model that integrated a widely used growth and yield model for loblolly pine with published allometric and biometric equations to simulate in situ C pools. The model used current values of forest product conversion efficiencies and forest product decay rates to calculate ex situ C pools. Using the model to evaluate the effects of silvicultural management systems on C sequestration over a 200 year simulation period, we concluded that site productivity (site quality), which can be altered by silviculture and genetic improvement, was the major factor controlling stand C density. On low productivity sites, average net C stocks were about 35% lower than in stands with the default average site quality; in contrast, on high quality sites, C stocks were about 38% greater than average productivity stands. If woody products were incorporated into the accounting, thinning was C positive because of the larger positive effects on ex situ C storage, rather than smaller reductions on in situ C storage. The use of biological rotation age (18 years) was not suitable for C sequestration, and extended rotation ages were found to increase stand C stock density. Stands with an 18-year-rotation length had 7% lower net C density than stands with a 22-year-rotation length; stands with a 35-year-rotation length had only 4% more C than stands harvested at age 22 years. The C sequestered in woody products was an important pool of C storage, accounting for ~34% of the average net C stock. Changes in decomposition rate, associated with possible environmental changes OPEN ACCESSForests 2011, 2 750 resulting from global climate change, affected C storage capacity of the forest. When decay rate was reduced to 10% or increased to 20%, the C stock in the dead pool (forest floor and coarse woody debris) was reduced about 11.8 MgC·ha −1 or increased about 13.3 MgC·ha −1 , respectively, compared to the average decay rate of 15%. The C emissions due to silvicultural and harvest activities were small (~1.6% of the gross C stock) compared to the magnitude of total stand C stock. The C model, based on empirical and biological relationships, appears appropriate for use in regional C stock assessments for loblolly pine plantation ecosystems in the southern U.S.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Flexible Hybrid Model of Life Cycle Carbon Balance for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Management Systems

Gonzalez‐Benecke

Martin

Jokela

et al. 2011

Forests

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“…As a natural solution, the role of trees and forests in the process of carbon cycle is quite significant as it stores more carbon among the terrestrial ecosystems [26,41,35]. This will make forest ecosystems to be the largest terrestrial carbon pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Storage and Climate Change Mitigation Potential of the Forests of the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

Assaye¹,

Asrat²

2016

AFF

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Abstract:The study assessed land cover change, carbon stock and sequestration potential of Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP), Ethiopia. Landscape was stratified into four zones based on the vegetation ecology and land uses: Afro-alpine grassland (AAGL), Afro-alpine woodland (AAWL), Afro-montane forest (AMF) and Cultivated and overgrazed land (COL). 40 sample plots were taken randomly (10 from each zone). Nested plot design with size of 50m*50m and subplots of 20m*20m, 10m*10m, 5m*5m, 2m*2m and 1m*1m was used for the measurement of trees of different diameter classes. Soil sampling was done at the four corners of the 10m*10m subplots to a depth of 30cm and taken to laboratory for analysis along with litter and undergrowth. Allometric equation was used for determination of above ground biomass (AGB) carbon. Below ground biomass (BGB) carbon was taken as 24% of AGB carbon. Land cover change was analyzed comparing satellite images of different periods. It was found that the COL has increased from 20% in 1972 to 48% in 2013. As a result, the AMF and AAWL have shrunk by nearly 50%. A future projection with a simple linear model indicated 73ha and 251.3ha of annual deforestation rate in the AAWL and AMF zones respectively, implying that it will take only 71 and 49 years for the AMF and AAWL respectively to be completely lost. Above ground carbon (AGC), below ground carbon (BGC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) holds 34.4%, 8.3% and 55.2% of the total carbon stock respectively. Dead wood and Litter Biomass together contributed only to the 2.2%. From land cover point of view AMF, AAGL, AAWL and COL stored 47.5%, 22%, 20.9% and 9.6% of the total carbon stock in the area respectively. A linear regression of Shannon diversity index against total carbon and AGC was calculated for AMF zone and as such no strong relationship was found for the total C (R 2 = 0.242) and also AGC (R 2 = 0.337), but it appeared that the stored carbon tends to decrease as the Shannon diversity index increases.

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“…The term "Carbon Sequestration" is used to describe both natural and deliberate processes by which CO 2 is either removed from the atmosphere or diverted from emission sources and stored in the ocean, terrestrial environments (vegetation, soils and sediments), and geologic formations (Sundquist et al, 2008). According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, increasing concentration of GHGs, particularly CO 2 in the atmosphere could lead to a rise in average earth surface temperature by 0.17°C per decade and 0.5-1% of precipitation per decade in most of the Northern Hemisphere and 0.3% in tropics and sub-tropics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Annual Carbon Sequestration Potential of Urban and Peri-urban Water Bodies and Wetlands

Ghosh¹,

Bardhan²,

Roy³

2017

International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering

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Urban and peri-urban water bodies and wetlands play a significant role in carbon sequestration and long term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Apart from performing various ecosystem services, they are natural carbon sinks that help in mitigating global warming and accumulation of green house gas emissions, primarily originating from cities. Yet their loss and degradation has not been aptly addressed so far. However, as the impacts of climate change are being increasingly realized, the conservation of water bodies and wetlands is drawing attention due to their ability to capture atmospheric carbon. This paper focuses on the annual carbon sequestration potential of four such water body and wetland based parks within and around the city of Kolkata, India and attempts to estimate their potential for carbon sequestration based on certain national and international standards suggested by researchers. The results are followed by suitable recommendations for implementation.

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Carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

A Flexible Hybrid Model of Life Cycle Carbon Balance for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Management Systems

A Flexible Hybrid Model of Life Cycle Carbon Balance for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Management Systems

Carbon Storage and Climate Change Mitigation Potential of the Forests of the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

An Assessment of the Annual Carbon Sequestration Potential of Urban and Peri-urban Water Bodies and Wetlands

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