“…, acrolein and methacrolein). 1,2 Although these processes are well-established, neither selective propylene nor isobutene oxidation runs at maximum selectivity but rather produce undesired by-products such as CO 2 . 3,4 Enhancing process efficiency by improving catalytic performance and lowering CO 2 emissions requires the combined efforts of industry and academia, 5,6 including a fundamental understanding of the working principles of MMO catalysts.…”