Carboxymethyl sago pulp/carboxymethyl sago starch hydrogel: Effect of polymer mixing ratio and study of controlled drug release

Tan, Hui; Wong, Yeon Yin; Muniyandy, Saravanan; Hashim, Kamaruddin; Pushpamalar, Janarthanan

doi:10.1002/app.43652

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Hydrogels are extremely hydrophilic polymer networks, either synthetic (petrochemical based) or natural (biopolymers), which are usually stabilized through covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions among the macromolecule chains known as cross‐linking . Hydrogels will swell when placed in water and can retain an extensive fraction of water within their spatial structures without dissolving .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baked hydrogel from corn starch and chitosan blends cross‐linked by citric acid: Preparation and properties

Peidayesh

Ahmadi

Khonakdar

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Citric acid (CA)-modified hydrogels from corn starch and chitosan were synthesized using a semidry condition. This strategy has great benefits of friendly environment because of the absence of organic solvents and compatible with the industrial process. The hydrogel blends were prepared with starch/chitosan ratios of 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75. The thermal stability, morphology, water absorption, weight loss in water, and methylene blue absorption were determined. Multi-carboxyl structure of CA could result in a chemical cross-linking reaction between starch, chitosan, and CA. The cross-linking reaction between free hydroxyl groups of starch, amino groups of chitosan, and carboxyl groups of CA has been confirmed by attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis. The water absorption properties of CA-modified hydrogel blends were increased significantly compared with the native starch and chitosan. Moreover, the hydrogel blends modified with CA showed good water resistance and gel content. The morphology study confirmed the complete chemical cross-linking and porous structure of hydrogel blends. The hydrogel blend with the starch/chitosan ratio of 50/50 presented powerful absorption of methylene blue as well as chemical cross-linking reaction and dense structure. In sum, the hydrogel blend comprising 50% starch and 50% chitosan has the potential to be applied for water maintaining at large areas, for example, in agriculture. K E Y W O R D S chitosan, citric acid, crosslinking, hydrogel, starch 1 | INTRODUCTION Hydrogels are extremely hydrophilic polymer networks, either synthetic (petrochemical based) or natural (biopolymers), which are usually stabilized through covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions among the macromolecule chains known as cross-linking. 1-4 Hydrogels will swell when placed in water and can retain an extensive fraction of water within their spatial structures without dissolving. 5 A gel structure forms within the polymer melt after cross-linking. Currently, a wide range of natural polymer hydrogels such as starch, chitosan, collagen, and cellulose have been described as suitable biomaterials for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications because of their biocompatibility, low-toxicity, and biodegradability. 6-10Starch and its derivatives have attracted many researchers for expanding biopolymer industries since they are cost-effective, renewable, abundant in nature, and biodegradable. 11-14 However, some limitations exist in the properties of starch including poor mechanical properties, high hydrophilicity, fragility, and poor dimensional stability. [15][16][17][18][19] To improve the quality and also broaden the application areas of starch, these drawbacks need to be reduced significantly.Chitosan, isolated from chitin, is another polysaccharide that is abundant in nature and available in large quantities. Chitosan is biocompatible, biodegradable, biofunctional, and antimicrobial. [20][21][22] Mo...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baked hydrogel from corn starch and chitosan blends cross‐linked by citric acid: Preparation and properties

Peidayesh

Ahmadi

Khonakdar

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…The swelling studies were carried out on the optimized hydrogel nanofibers. The cross-linked dry nanofibers were weighed (Wd) before immersion in 15 mL of distilled water for 24 h. The weight of nanofibers hydrogel (Ws) was measured following 24 h immersion and the percentage of swelling was calculated according to Equation (1) [8,32]. The experiments were carried out in triplicate to obtain an average value.…”

Section: Swelling Studies Of Cmsp Hydrogel Nanofibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrogel is often produced using chemical or physical cross-linking methods to form a three-dimensional polymeric structure capable of retaining water or biological fluid beyond its dry weight without dissolution in water [6][7][8]. The ionic groups within the hydrogel structure respond towards external changes such as pH, ionic strength and temperature which consequently influence the uptake and release of fluid [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel Nanofibers from Carboxymethyl Sago Pulp and Its Controlled Release Studies as a Methylene Blue Drug Carrier

Kanafi

Rahman

Rosdi

et al. 2019

Fibers

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The potential use of carboxymethyl sago pulp (CMSP) extracted from sago waste for producing hydrogel nanofibers was investigated as a methylene blue drug carrier. Sago pulp was chemically modified via carboxymethylation reaction to form carboxymethyl sago pulp (CMSP) and subsequently used to produce nanofibers using the electrospinning method with the addition of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The CMSP nanofibers were further treated with citric acid to form cross-linked hydrogel. Studies on the percentage of swelling following the variation of citric acid concentrations and curing temperature showed that 89.20 ± 0.42% of methylene blue (MB) was loaded onto CMSP hydrogel nanofibers with the percentage of swelling 4366 ± 975%. Meanwhile, methylene blue controlled release studies revealed that the diffusion of methylene blue was influenced by the pH of buffer solution with 19.44% of MB released at pH 7.34 within 48 h indicating the potential of CMSP hydrogel nanofibers to be used as a drug carrier for MB.

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“…According to Haroon et al [11], the treated starch via crosslinking may embellish the tensile strength and thermal stability. Modified sago starch such as carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS) is proclaimed to improve physicochemical properties such as swelling ability in cold water, freeze–thaw stability and low retrogradation tendency [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, optimization and swelling study of carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS)–acid hydrogel

Mohamood

Zainuddin

Tan

2018

Chemistry Central Journal

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In this study, sago starch was modified in order to enhance its physicochemical properties. Carboxymethylation was used to introduce a carboxymethyl group into a starch compound. The carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS) was used to prepare smart hydrogel by adding acetic acid into the CMSS powder as the crosslinking agent. The degree of substitution of the CMSS obtained was 0.6410. The optimization was based on the gel content and degree of swelling of the hydrogel. In this research, four parameters were studied in order to optimize the formation of CMSS–acid hydrogel. The parameters were; CMSS concentration, acetic acid concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature. From the data analyzed, 76.69% of optimum gel content was obtained with 33.77 g/g of degree of swelling. Other than that, the swelling properties of CMSS–acid hydrogel in different media such as salt solution, different pH of phosphate buffer saline solution as well as acidic and alkaline solution were also investigated. The results showed that the CMSS–acid hydrogel swelled in both alkaline and salt solution, while in acidic or low pH solution, it tended to shrink and deswell. The production of the hydrogel as a smart material offers a lot of auspicious benefits in the future especially related to swelling behaviour and properties of the hydrogel in different types of media.

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Carboxymethyl sago pulp/carboxymethyl sago starch hydrogel: Effect of polymer mixing ratio and study of controlled drug release

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Baked hydrogel from corn starch and chitosan blends cross‐linked by citric acid: Preparation and properties

Baked hydrogel from corn starch and chitosan blends cross‐linked by citric acid: Preparation and properties

Hydrogel Nanofibers from Carboxymethyl Sago Pulp and Its Controlled Release Studies as a Methylene Blue Drug Carrier

Preparation, optimization and swelling study of carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS)–acid hydrogel

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