Carcass and Meat Characteristics of Male Bali Cattle in Indonesian Smallholder Farms Fed Ration with Different Protein Levels

Abstract

The objective of research was to determine the effect of different protein levels on the carcass and meat characteristics of male Bali cattle fattened in smallholder farms. The cattle used were 18 heads aged 2 to 2.5 years with initial body weight of 229.86±12.46 kg. The experimental cattle were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups i.e., T₀, T₁, and T₂. The T₀ group cattle were fed ration according to traditional practices of fattening cattle by farmers (100% forage). The T₁ group cattle were fed ration with 12% CP and 72% TDN. The T₂ group cattle were fed ration with 15% CP and 72% TDN. The variables measured were final body weight and the characteristics of the carcass (meat, fat, and ratio of meat to bone), and meat quality including the chemical composition of the meat (protein, fat, and collagen), meat tenderness, cooking loss, water holding capacity, and degree of acidity (pH). Data were analyzed by variance analysis. Results of research showed that the final body weight, and weight of carcass, meat, and fat of T₁ and T₂ groups were similar; conversely, those parameters in T₀ group cattle were lower (P<0.05) that those in T₁ and T₂ groups cattle. The meat protein content of T₁ and T₀ groups cattle were similar; conversely, T₂ group cattle had lower (P<0.05) meat protein content compared to T₁ and T₀ groups cattle. Fat content of T₁ group of cattle was higher (P<0.05) than that of T₀ group; while moisture contents and cooking losses of T₀ group cattle were higher (P<0.05) compared to those of T 1 and T₂ groups cattle. Collagen content of meat in T₁ group cattle was higher than (P<0.05) that in T₀ group cattle, but T₂ group cattle had similar meat collagen content to T₁ and T₀ groups cattle. Meat tenderness of T₁ group cattle was higher (P<0.05) compared to those of T₀ and T₂ group cattle. It is concluded that the male Bali cattle fed ration with 12% CP and 72% TDN can increase the carcass characteristics and meat quality. This proves that the productivity of male Bali cattle can be increased when fed ration with adequate protein with a balanced energy content.

Yield Grade and Quality Assessment of Native Buffalo Meat and Beef at Different Ages

“…The increased longissimus muscle area with the increase of age was very logical. Meat pH ranges from 5.4-5.6 ensures the higher quality level of meat (Węglarz, 2010) and this type of pH range proves that animals were not in the stressed condition at slaughtering (Tahuk et al, 2018). In this study, we found the ultimate meat pHs of buffalo and cattle were 5.34 and 5.26, respectively.…”

The effect of complete feed to carcass characteristics and meat quality of male Bali cattle fattened in West Timor, Indonesia

“…The adequacy intake of protein and energy (TDN) in male Bali cattle fattened can improve the performance of cattle during the fattening. This was indicated by an increase in slaughter weight before slaughtered in the slaughtering house [ 4 ], and increasing carcass weight and dressing percentage in cattle [ 17 ].…”

“…However, the weight and percentage of carcasses of male Bali cattle in this study were lower than the report given by Tahuk et al . [ 4 ] which gained rough weights ranging from 123.64 to 138.68 kg; and the percentage of carcasses ranged from 54.07% to 55.61%; and the report of Leslie et al . [ 24 ] which obtained a percentage of carcasses ranging from 57.17±2.43% to 59.02±1.08% in male Bali cattle fattening in oil palm plantations.…”

“…This indicates that season significantly affects the quality of feed, which eventually also affects the cattle growth. When viewed from the percentage of carcasses produced, the Bali cattle that are kept on the smallholder farm can reach 54.07-55.61%; but the percentage of meat produced only ranged between 65.19% and 68.78% [ 4 ].…”

Production, quality and livestock carrying capacity of Panicum maximum and Sesbania grandiflora at saline soil with different manure application

“…Feed which contain of 16 % crude protein and 2850 Kcal/kg DM metabolizable energy increase high rate of feed intake of goat (Ginting et al, 2017). Tahuk et al (2018) reported feed with proportion between crude protein level of 12% and TDN of 17 % produced a higher-quality carcass and meat of male bali cattle.…”