Cardiac aging phenomenon and its clinical features by echocardiography

Xu, Boqing; Daimon, Masao

doi:10.1007/s12574-016-0292-6

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Patients with HFpEF usually are of advanced age and predominantly women with multiple comorbidities [ 2 , 3 ], and diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a major cause of HFpEF, accounting for 20–45% of all cases [ 4 ]. DM-related cardiac dysfunction is currently defined as a form of LV diastolic dysfunction, and several studies of DM patients have identified LV diastolic dysfunction as the earliest functional alteration in the course of diabetic cardiomyopathy [ 5 – 8 ], which could lead to the development of HFpEF. On the other hand, LV longitudinal myocardial systolic dysfunction has been identified in DM patients with preserved LVEF but without overt coronary artery disease or HF [ 9 – 16 ], and some investigators reported that it may be considered the first marker of a preclinical form of DM-related cardiac dysfunction in such patients [ 9 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of overweight on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Suto

Tanaka

Mochizuki

et al. 2017

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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BackgroundCoexistence of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal myocardial systolic dysfunction with LV diastolic dysfunction could lead to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known as a significant factor associated with HFpEF. Although the mechanisms of DM-related LV myocardial injury are complex, it has been postulated that overweight contributes to the development of LV myocardial injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, the precise impact of overweight on LV longitudinal myocardial systolic function in T2DM patients remains unclear.MethodsWe studied 145 asymptomatic T2DM patients with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) without coronary artery disease. LV longitudinal myocardial systolic function was assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS), which was defined as the average peak strain of 18-segments obtained from standard apical views. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Ninety age-, gender- and LVEF-matched healthy volunteers served as controls.ResultsGLS of overweight T2DM patients was significantly lower than that of non-overweight patients (17.9 ± 2.4% vs. 18.9 ± 2.6%, p < 0.05), whereas GLS of both overweight and non-overweight controls was similar (19.8 ± 1.3% vs. 20.4 ± 2.1%, p = 0.38). Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that for T2DM patients, BMI was the independent determinant parameters for GLS as well as LV mass index.ConclusionsOverweight has a greater effect on LV longitudinal myocardial systolic function in T2DM patients than on that in non-DM healthy subjects. Our finding further suggests that the strict control of overweight in T2DM patients may be associated with prevention of the development of HFpEF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of overweight on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Suto

Tanaka

Mochizuki

et al. 2017

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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“…These may include an increase of myocardial fibrosis, an increase of myocyte stiffness, changes in intra-cellular calcium homeostasis, progressive thickening of LV walls during aging, and mitochondrial oxidative stress which plays a central role in cardiac aging. 24 Regarding the sex difference, previous investigations have reported that the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and LV diastolic dysfunction is higher in women than in men. 23,25 Previously, it has been suggested that the lack of estrogen may cause impaired LV function in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of left ventricular diastolic function—The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

et al. 2019

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Decreased left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is associated with increased allcause mortality and risk for a heart failure. The determinants of LV diastolic function have been mainly studied in elderly populations; however, the origin of LV heart failure may relate to the lifestyle factors acquired during the life course. Therefore, we examined biochemical, physiological, and lifestyle determinants of LV diastolic function in 34-49-year-old participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (Young Finns Study). In 2011, clinical examination and echocardiography were performed for 1928 participants (880 men and 1048 women; aged 34-49 years). LV diastolic function was primarily defined using E/é-ratio (population mean 4.8, range 2.1-9.0). In a multivariate model, systolic blood pressure (P < 0.005), female sex (P < 0.005), age (P < 0.005), waist circumference (P = 0.024), smoking (P = 0.028), serum alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.032) were directly associated with E/é-ratio, while an inverse association was found for height (P < 0.005). Additionally, a higher E/é-ratio was found in participants with concentric hypertrophy compared to normal cardiac geometry (P < 0.005). Other indicators of the LV diastolic function including E/A-ratio and left atrial volume index showed similarly strong associations with systolic blood pressure and age. In conclusion, we identified systolic blood pressure,

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“…Normal ageing is associated with reduced physiological reserve capacity in a wide range of systems responsible for responses to aerobic and muscle resistance stimuli. The normal ageing process reduces cardiac function through several pathways, with a final common pathway being diminished diastolic function associated also with mild reductions in maximal systolic function 10,11 . An age-related decline in maximal heart rate has also been observed.…”

Section: Physiological Consequences Of Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical function and exercise training in older patients with heart failure

et al. 2017

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Heart failure (HF) is a common end point for numerous cardiovascular conditions, including coronary artery disease, valvular disease, and hypertension. HF predominantly affects older individuals (aged ≥70 years), particularly those living in developed countries. The pathophysiological sequelae of HF progression have a substantial negative effect on physical function. Diminished physical function in older patients with HF, which is the result of combined disease-related and age-related effects, has important implications on health. A large body of research spanning several decades has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of regular physical activity in improving outcomes among the HF population, regardless of age, sex, or ethnicity. However, patients with HF, especially those who are older, are less likely to engage in regular exercise training compared with the general population. To improve initiation of regular exercise training and subsequent long-term compliance, there is a need to rethink the dialogue between clinicians and patients. This Review discusses the need to improve physical function and exercise habits in patients with HF, focusing on the older population.

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Cardiac aging phenomenon and its clinical features by echocardiography

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of overweight on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Impact of overweight on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Determinants of left ventricular diastolic function—The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Physical function and exercise training in older patients with heart failure

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