Physical function and exercise training in older patients with heart failure

Coats, Andrew J.S.; Forman, Daniel E.; Haykowsky, Mark J.; Kitzman, Dalane W.; McNeil, Amy; Campbell, Tavis S.; Arena, Ross

doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2017.70

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…A large body of research spanning several decades has shown the safety and efficacy of regular physical activity in improving outcome in heart failure patients regardless of age, sex or ethnicity . Most clinical and experimental studies, however, have evaluated the remodelling of hearts with ischaemic cardiomyopathy .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disparate results are probably dependent on the different experimental models. Finally, myocardial fibrosis was evident in AS rats and was not modulated by physical exercise.A large body of research spanning several decades has shown the safety and efficacy of regular physical activity in improving outcome in heart failure patients regardless of age, sex or ethnicity 5,11,54. Most clinical and experimental studies, however, have evaluated the remodelling of hearts with ischaemic cardiomyopathy 55,56.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exercise during transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to heart failure in aortic stenosis rats

Reyes

Gomes

Rosa

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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We evaluated the influence of aerobic exercise on cardiac remodelling during the transition from compensated left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy to clinical heart failure in aortic stenosis (AS) rats. Eighteen weeks after AS induction, rats were assigned into sedentary (AS) and exercised (AS‐Ex) groups. Results were compared to Sham rats. Exercise was performed on treadmill for 8 weeks. Exercise improved functional capacity. Echocardiogram showed no differences between AS‐Ex and AS groups. After exercise, fractional shortening and ejection fraction were lower in AS‐Ex than Sham. Myocyte diameter and interstitial collagen fraction were higher in AS and AS‐Ex than Sham; however, myocyte diameter was higher in AS‐Ex than AS. Myocardial oxidative stress, evaluated by lipid hydroperoxide concentration, was higher in AS than Sham and was normalized by exercise. Gene expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits NOX2 and NOX4, which participate in ROS generation, did not differ between groups. Activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was lower in AS and AS‐Ex than Sham and glutathione peroxidase was lower in AS‐Ex than Sham. Total and reduced myocardial glutathione, which is involved in cellular defence against oxidative stress, was lower in AS than Sham and total glutathione was higher in AS‐Ex than AS. The MAPK JNK was higher in AS‐Ex than Sham and AS groups. Phosphorylated P38 was lower in AS‐Ex than AS. Despite improving functional capacity, aerobic exercise does not change LV function in AS rats. Exercise restores myocardial glutathione, reduces oxidative stress, impairs JNK signalling and further induces myocyte hypertrophy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Exercise during transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to heart failure in aortic stenosis rats

Reyes

Gomes

Rosa

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Ageing is accompanied with loss of muscle mass and muscle strength, which results diminished physical function (PF) and debilitating consequences such as fall and mortality in older people (1) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Interaction of recommended levels of physical activity and protein intake is associated with greater physical function and lower fat mass in older women: Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor- (OSTPRE) and Fracture-Prevention Study

et al. 2020

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The aim of the study was to investigate whether the interaction of physical activity (PA) and protein intake is associated with physical function (PF). The women from the Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Fracture Prevention Study (n 610) completed a questionnaire on lifestyle factors and PA and underwent PF and body composition measurements at baseline (BL) and over 3 years of follow-up (3y-FU). PA was categorised according to WHO cut-off PA = 0, 0 < PA < 2·5 and PA ≥ 2·5 h/week. Protein intake was calculated from the 3-d food record at baseline and categorised according to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations <1·1 and ≥1·1 g/kg body weight (BW). The results showed in univariate ANOVA at the baseline and at the 3-year follow-up, women with high PA ≥ 2·5 h/week and protein intake ≥ 1·1 g/kg BW had higher grip strength adjusted for BMI, higher mean number of chair rises, faster mean walking speed, higher modified mean short physical performance battery score and lower mean fat mass compared with other interaction groups. High PA and protein intake were associated with lower BMI despite significantly higher energy intake. In conclusion, higher PA and protein intake interaction was associated with greater PF and lower fat mass, but the association with relative skeletal muscle index and muscle mass was inconclusive. The present study gives noteworthy information for preventing sarcopenia.

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“…We now know the traditional risk factor such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and so on are the major risk factors of CHD [3][4][5][6]. In recent decade, many studies have shown that improving the physical function can help cardiovascular mortality, and improve well-being in older populations [7][8][9]. Walking speed and grip strength were used as surrogate markers of the physical function and represented the main determinants of physical frailty and sarcopenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between physical function and onset of coronary heart disease in a cohort of community-dwelling older populations: The Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study

Klinpudtan

Kabayama

Godai

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: Physical function is a strong predictor of the adverse outcomes in older populations. We prospectively examined the association of walking speed and handgrip strength with CHD in the community-dwelling older populations. The study cohort in Japan included 1272 older people free from heart disease at the baseline. Physical function was identified based on walking speed and handgrip strength assessment at the survey site. Any new case of CHD was obtained based on a self-reported doctor's diagnosis. Cox-proportion hazard models were adjusted for covariate factors to examine the CHD risk. Results: During the 7-year follow-up, 45 new cases of CHD were documented. Slow walking speed was strongly associated with CHD risk after adjusting for all confounding factors in the total participants and women (hazard ratio (HR)= 2.53, 95%confidence interval (CI), 1.20-5.33, p=0.015, and HR= 4.78, 95% CI,1.07-21.35, p=0.040, respectively), but not in men. Weak grip strength was associated with CHD after age-adjustment (HR= 2.45, 95%CI, 1.03-5.81, p=0.043) only in men. However, after additional multivariate adjustment, the associations were weaker. The results lead to the conclusion that, after multivariate adjustment for coronary heart disease, walking speed is a strong surrogate predictor of the CHD risk among older people.

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Physical function and exercise training in older patients with heart failure

Cited by 42 publications

References 101 publications

Exercise during transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to heart failure in aortic stenosis rats

Exercise during transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to heart failure in aortic stenosis rats

Interaction of recommended levels of physical activity and protein intake is associated with greater physical function and lower fat mass in older women: Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor- (OSTPRE) and Fracture-Prevention Study

Association between physical function and onset of coronary heart disease in a cohort of community-dwelling older populations: The Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians Investigation with Centenarians study

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