Cardiac protection of functional chicken‐liver hydrolysates on the high‐fat diet induced cardio‐renal damages via sustaining autophagy homeostasis

Abstract

BACKGROUND Cardio‐renal syndrome (CRS) is an integrative problem related to chronic malnutrition, obesity, etc. Amino acids and peptides are regarded as protective and essential for tissues. Pepsin‐digested chicken liver hydrolysates (CLHs), which are made from the byproducts of the poultry industry, are amino‐acid based and of animal origin, and may be protective against the myocardial and renal damage induced by a high‐fat diet (HFD). RESULTS Our results showed that CLHs contain large quantities of anserine, taurine, and branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), and supplementing the diet with CLHs reduced (P < 0.05) weight gain, liver weight, peri‐renal fat mass / adipocyte‐area sizes, serum total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels in HFD‐fed mice but increased (P < 0.05) serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) levels. By histological analyses, CLHs alleviated (P < 0.05) renal lipid deposition and fibrosis, as well as cardiac fibrosis and inflammation of HFD‐fed mice. Meanwhile, increased (P < 0.05) inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines levels in the myocardia of the HFD‐fed mice were downregulated (P < 0.05) by CLH supplementation. Regarding autophagy‐related protein levels, protective effects of CLHs on the myocardia against HFD feeding may result from the early blockade of the autophagy pathway to prevent autophagosome accumulation. CONCLUSION Functional CLHs could be a novel food ingredient as a cardio‐renal protective agent against a high‐fat dietary habit in a niche market. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Pepsin-digested chicken-liver hydrolysate attenuates hepatosteatosis by relieving hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance in long-term high-fat dietary habit

“…The bio-functionalities of CLHs had been proven due to BCAAs, taurine, acidic amino acid, and anserine [ 2 , 3 , 21 , 23 , 30 ]. In this study, the CLHs could decrease ( p < 0.05) body weight gains against the long-term HFD (fat: 46.5 kcal%) induction in mice ( Table 1 ).…”

“…1 or 2) were housed in one cage. The AIN-93M formula-based diet was prepared and served, and CLHs were mixed with basal feed ingredients according to our previous study within the 20-week experimental period [ 21 ].…”

Exosome-Enriched Plasma Analysis as a Tool for the Early Detection of Hypertensive Gestations

“…In anesthetized rats, the anserine injection has a dose-dependent effect on increasing blood pressure ( Tanida et al, 2015 ). Nevertheless, an increase in dietary uptake of anserine is thought to be beneficial for preventing and treating obesity and cardiovascular dysfunctions amid other diseases ( Wu et al, 2020 ). Still, more studies are necessary to assess anserine functions during pregnancy and the effects of its reduction in patients with HDP.…”

Bioactivity of peptides obtained from poultry by-products: A review

“…cLH was shown to exert a cardioprotective effect by blocking the autophagy pathway at an early stage, which could lead to normal cardiac regulation in mice. This effect is attributed to a combination of its hepatic lipid-lowering effect and systemic antioxidation, mainly associated with the content of different bioactive substances such as anserine, taurine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, branched chain AAs, α-alanine and histidine, and the presence of antioxidant minerals ( e.g ., Mn, Zn, and Se) in the hydrolysates ( Wu et al, 2020 ).…”

“…The most recent research involves oral administration of hydrolyzed cartilage extract in the prevention of osteoarthritis ( Ma et al, 2021 ). Studies have also shown effects in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases ( Wu et al, 2020 ) and chronic liver diseases ( Chen et al, 2017 , Lin et al, 2017 , Wu et al, 2021 ), in antihypertensive treatments ( Bravo et al, 2019 , Mas-Capdevila et al, 2020 ), in the regulation of lipid metabolism as alternative treatments for obesity ( Yang et al, 2014 ) and to obtain antioxidant agents ( Chou et al, 2014 ).…”