Cardiac remodelling in association with left ventricular dyssynchrony and systolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), ischaemic cardiomyopathy may result in progressive cardiac remodelling and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) can be used to quantify LV size and shape, mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) and ejection fraction (EF) as well as myocardial ischaemia and injury extents. We investigated the prevalence of LV remodelling (LVR) in patients with CAD and the relationship between LVR, LVMD and EF. Methods Three hundred twenty‐six patients with CAD were evaluated. The EF and end‐diastolic volume (EDV) were measured using MPI. LVMD was assessed using phase analysis. LVR was characterised according to LV dilatation or increased shape indices (systolic shape index [SIES] and diastolic shape index [SIED]). Results LVR were observed in 41% of CAD patients. EDV, SIES and SIED were larger in patients with LVMD or low EF. After adjustment for age, sex and infarct and ischaemia extents, phase histogram bandwidth correlated with EDV (r = 0.218) and SIES (r = 0.266) and EF correlated with EDV (r = –0.535), SIES (r = –0.554) and SIED (r = –0.217, p < 0.001 for all). Conclusions LVR is frequently seen in patients with CAD and may be detected even before the development of symptomatic heart failure. A large LV volume and a more spherical‐shaped LV were associated with LVMD and low EF, highlighting the close relationships between remodelling and systolic dyssynchrony and dysfunction. MPI is useful for assessing LVR by providing information about LV size and shape, which changes from an ellipsoid towards a spherical form in the development of ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

Evaluation of left ventricular function of pregnant women with autoimmune diseases using speckle tracking echocardiography

“…Research has shown that anti-TNF therapy can effectively improve cardiovascular function [ 26 ], which further illustrated the damage of inflammatory response to myocardial function. EDV is the most useful clinical variable for diagnosing left ventricular remodeling (LVR) [ 27 ]. The elevated of LVEDV might indicate the presence of LVR in AD pregnant women.…”