Cardiomyopathies and anaesthesia

Abstract

Cardiomyopathy is considered as a heart muscle disease of multiple aetiologies, unlike other cardiac diseases related to a definitive pathophysiology. With more and more research and with the advent of genetic analysis pin pointing the disease causing mutations, causative factors have been defined and classifications and definitions have changed over time. Patients with these conditions present to anaesthesiologists in elective and emergency situations, placement of automated internal cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) devices or biventricular pacing but may also be diagnosed at anaesthetic pre-assessment. We describe cardiomyopathies such as dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, post-partum cardiomyopathy and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in brief and their anaesthetic management.

Anesthesia for renal transplantation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study of 31 cases

“…Intraoperative period is very critical to manage cardiac parameters in optimal range on one side while maintaining adequate renal perfusion on the other side for achieving adequate urine output. Grossly intraoperative goals needed in such patient's areas follows 9 , 10 :…”

Anaesthetic management of a covid 19 positive parturient with newly diagnosed cardiomyopathy presenting with supraventricular tachycardia

“…Tachyarrhythmias may also occur in cardiomyopathies including supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and rarely ventricular tachycardia. 3 Anaesthetic management of such parturients can pose a great risk. 4 Here we report the successful anaesthetic management of a covid 19 positive parturient with newly diagnosed Cardiomyopathy presenting with supraventricular tachycardia posted for Caesarean section.…”

A case of peripartum cardiomyopathy in acute heart failure for emergency surgery

“…Both general and regional anaesthesia have been used in the management of these patients. [ 4 5 ] Our anaesthetic goals should be to maintain cardiac contractility and preload and prevent increase in afterload. Volume overload should be closely watched for and prevented.…”

“…Oxytocin can reduce and methergine can increase afterload significantly. [ 5 ] Postoperatively these patients need intensive care monitoring.…”