2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2016.07.006
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Cardiorenal syndrome type 4: A study of cardiovascular diseases in chronic kidney disease

Abstract: The prevalence of cardiorenal syndrome type 4 is substantially high in patients with CKD and carries adverse outcome in relation to patient management.

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Cited by 13 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…From an epidemiological point of view, CRS-1 ( Atici et al, 2019 ; Virzi et al, 2019 ) has been shown to occur in ∼25% of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure, and CRS-2 ( Novosel et al, 2014 ; Angelini et al, 2015 ) has been estimated to develop in 45–63% of patients with chronic heart failure. The morbidity of CRS-4 ( Suresh et al, 2017 ; Edmonston et al, 2018 ) is ∼10% in patents with end-stage renal disease. Importantly, CRS-3 ( Sharma et al, 2013 ; Clementi et al, 2015 ) often occurs in elderly people with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring intensive care, and more than 70% of patients with acute kidney injury develop CRS-3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…From an epidemiological point of view, CRS-1 ( Atici et al, 2019 ; Virzi et al, 2019 ) has been shown to occur in ∼25% of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure, and CRS-2 ( Novosel et al, 2014 ; Angelini et al, 2015 ) has been estimated to develop in 45–63% of patients with chronic heart failure. The morbidity of CRS-4 ( Suresh et al, 2017 ; Edmonston et al, 2018 ) is ∼10% in patents with end-stage renal disease. Importantly, CRS-3 ( Sharma et al, 2013 ; Clementi et al, 2015 ) often occurs in elderly people with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring intensive care, and more than 70% of patients with acute kidney injury develop CRS-3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Os principais fatores que atuam no mecanismo fisiopatológico da síndrome cardiorrenal são a ativação do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, sobrecarga de volume, retenção osmótica de sódio, disfunção endotelial, anemia, dislipidemia, coagulopatia e inflamação, todos esses fatores acarretando alterações morfológicas no coração e nos vasos, prejudicando assim a função cardíaca de bombear o sangue e a função renal de filtração, além de ocasionar hipoperfusão renal (Suresh, Arun, Moger & Swamy 2017).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Entretanto, esse mecanismo compensatório agrava ainda mais a hipoperfusão renal e, se muito prolongada, provoca lesão renal em detrimento do estado de hipóxia gerado nos rins. Além disso, o aumento da produção de aldosterona gera aumento da reabsorção de sódio nos túbulos distais renais, gerando uma sobrecarga de volume e aumento do líquido extracelular (García-Blas et al, 2017;Suresh et al, 2017).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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