Cardiovascular and ride time-to-exhaustion effects of an energy drink

Nelson, Michael T.; Biltz, George R.; Dengel, Donald R.

doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-2

Cited by 35 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…In agreement with the findings of our study (19) on the predominantly myocardial effects of sugar-sweetened EDs are the following: 1) a report that the consumption of a sugarsweetened Monster ED (Monster Beverage; 2.0 mg caffeine/kg and 0.65 g sugar/kg) significantly elevated heart rate after 60 min compared with the placebo control (20), 2) a study in which blood pressure and heart rate responses to a sugarsweetened ED (Rockstar, Rockstar, Inc.; 240 mg caffeine and ;62 g sugar) resulted in significantly elevated blood pressure values (systolic blood pressure: +6.6 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure: +4.2 mm Hg) compared with a sugarmatched placebo (21), and 3) findings from current studies evaluating the impact of sugar-free caffeinated energy shots [5-h Energy; 200 mg and 215 mg caffeine] on cardiovascular variables that showed that blood pressure variables significantly increased whereas heart rate did not change (22,23). Moreover, repeated intakes of an ED [8.3 oz of a Red Bull ED (Red Bull GmbH) 4 times over 24 h; 1 oz = 30 mL] increased blood pressure variables when compared with a water drink with equivalent amounts of caffeine (8 oz water with 80 mg caffeine) (24).…”

Section: Eds and Hemodynamics: Overall Effectssupporting

confidence: 81%

Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms

Grasser

Miles-Chan

Charrière

et al. 2016

Advances in Nutrition

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Globally, the popularity of energy drinks is steadily increasing. Scientific interest in their effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems in humans is also expanding and with it comes a growing number of case reports of adverse events associated with energy drinks. The vast majority of studies carried out in the general population report effects on blood pressure and heart rate. However, inconsistencies in the current literature render it difficult to draw firm conclusions with regard to the effects of energy drinks on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular variables. These inconsistencies are due, in part, to differences in methodologies, volume of drink ingested, and duration of postconsumption measurements, as well as subject variables during the test. Recent well-controlled, randomized crossover studies that used continuous beat-to-beat measurements provide evidence that cardiovascular responses to the ingestion of energy drinks are best explained by the actions of caffeine and sugar, with little influence from other ingredients. However, a role for other active constituents, such as taurine and glucuronolactone, cannot be ruled out. This article reviews the potentially adverse hemodynamic effects of energy drinks, particularly on blood pressure and heart rate, and discusses the mechanisms by which their active ingredients may interact to adversely affect the cardiovascular system. Research areas and gaps in the literature are discussed with particular reference to the use of energy drinks among high-risk individuals. Adv Nutr 2016;7:950-60.

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Section: Eds and Hemodynamics: Overall Effectssupporting

confidence: 81%

Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms

Grasser

Miles-Chan

Charrière

et al. 2016

Advances in Nutrition

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“…It is worth noting that, even when using an energy drink containing ~2 times the concentration of caffeine, taurine and carbohydrate (160 mg, 2 g, and 57 g, respectively) when compared to those used in present study, also did not report an improvement in exercise endurance performance in trained male cyclists performing a 25-mile simulated race (Ivy et al;2009). The test used in the study (Cooper test), although recognized as an indirect endurance measurement field test, the time taken to perform the test is lower than those of studies reporting significant improvements in exercise performance, which were superior to 20 minutes (Campbell et al, 2013;Nelson & Dengel, 2014). When we refer to the influence of the energy drink on hemodynamic parameters, the literature is still contradictory in relation to outcome measures (Lovallo et al, 1991;Nelson & Dengel 2014;Wiklund et al, 2009) demonstrated that the consumption of 250 ml of Red Bull® in adults does not change heart rate.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…However, the results of these previous studies refer to rest or low-intensity exercise conditions (Nelson & Dengel, 2014;Lovallo et al;1991;Yamakoshi et al, 2013;Wiklund et al, 2009). To our knowledge, little is known about the influence of energy drinks on hemodynamic parameters during or immediately after physical activity, so our results are the first to analyze the influence of the energy drink on hemodynamic parameters in runners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The test used in the study (Cooper test), although recognized as an indirect endurance measurement field test, the time taken to perform the test is lower than those of studies reporting significant improvements in exercise performance, which were superior to 20 minutes (Campbell et al, 2013;Nelson & Dengel, 2014). When we refer to the influence of the energy drink on hemodynamic parameters, the literature is still contradictory in relation to outcome measures (Lovallo et al, 1991;Nelson & Dengel 2014;Wiklund et al, 2009) demonstrated that the consumption of 250 ml of Red Bull® in adults does not change heart rate. Yamakoshi et al, (2013) demonstrated that the consumption of 80 mg of caffeine, administered by drivers in prolonged monotony, caused significant changes in mean arterial pressure and cardiac output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rica

Evangelista

Maia

et al. 2019

JPES

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of energy drink ingestion on the performance of running performance in amateur runners with different levels of physical fitness. Material: Sixty healthy subjects were selected and randomized according to the level of physical fitness (Low: <29.9 ml.kg-1 .min-1 ; Moderate: 30-37.9 ml.kg-1 .min-1 ; and High: > 38 ml.kg-1 .min-1). Thereafter, they were further distributed in Placebo (27g glucose) and Energy Drink (27g glucose, 30g sodium, 1000mg taurine, 600mg glucuronolactone, 80mg caffeine, 50mg inositol, 16mg vitamin B3, 5mg vitamin B5, 1,3mg vitamin B2, 3 mg vitamin B6 and 2.4 mg vitamin B12), resulting in six groups according to physical fitness level such Placebo (

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“…Subjective rating of exertion was also not changed. (52) A recent study (53) evaluated the acute effects of energy drinks on exercise performance in 19 professional female volleyball players. The players were recruited in a double blind, randomized, crossover study to determine grip strength, vertical jump and anaerobic power during three sessions.…”

Section: Renal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Drink Consumption : Beneficial and Adverse Health Effects

Alsunni¹

2015

IJHS

100

104

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Consumption of energy drinks has been increasing dramatically in the last two decades, particularly amongst adolescents and young adults. Energy drinks are aggressively marketed with the claim that these products give an energy boost to improve physical and cognitive performance. However, studies supporting these claims are limited. In fact, several adverse health effects have been related to energy drink; this has raised the question of whether these beverages are safe. This review was carried out to identify and discuss the published articles that examined the beneficial and adverse health effects related to energy drink. It is concluded that although energy drink may have beneficial effects on physical performance, these products also have possible detrimental health consequences. Marketing of energy drinks should be limited or forbidden until independent research confirms their safety, particularly among adolescents. Disclosure of benefit:This work was not supported by any drug or commercial company. Manufacturers recently have shifted their consumer focus from athletes to young people. Energy drinks are aggressively marketed in places popular with teens and young adults. Approximately, two thirds of energy drink consumers are 13-35 years old, and boys are two thirds of the market. (4) In the U.S., energy drinks are the second most common dietary supplement used by young people; about 30% consume energy drinks on a regular basis. (5) The popularity of energy drinks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not seem to differ from other parts of the world. Around half of the Saudi University students who participated in a survey admitted to regular consumption of energy. (6) Energy drinks are designed to give an "energy boost" to the drinker by a combination of stimulants and energy boosters. The major constituent in most energy drinks is caffeine. They usually contain 80-150 mg of caffeine per 8 ounces, which is equivalent to 5 ounces of coffee or two 12-ounce cans of caffeinated soda. (7) Most of the brands on the market contain large amounts of glucose while some brands offer artificially sweetened versions. Other commonly used constituents are taurine, methylxanthines, vitamin B, ginseng, guarana, yerba mate, acai, maltodextrin, inositol, carnitine, creatine, glucuronolactone, and ginkgo biloba. CorrespondenceCurrently, significant concerns have been raised about the safety of these products. There have been several reports that showed adverse health effects associated with energy drink. Despite this, manufactures of energy drinks claim these products are suitable for consumers

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Cardiovascular and ride time-to-exhaustion effects of an energy drink

Cited by 35 publications

References 44 publications

Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms

Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms

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Energy Drink Consumption : Beneficial and Adverse Health Effects

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