Cardiovascular effects of vecuronium, atracurium, pancuronium, metocurine and RGH‐420 1 in dogs

Abstract

The effect on the cardiovascular haemodynamic status of five neuromuscular blocking drugs, RGH-4201, vecuronium, atracurium, pancuronium and metocurine, was studied in five conditioned foxhounds anaesthetised with fentanyl. Changes in heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and cardiac output were recorded at 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min after administration of the drugs. From these, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance were calculated. Administration of RGH-4201 was followed by a pronounced increase in heart rate, accompanied by an increase in cardiac output and a decrease in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance. Metocurine and pancuronium resulted in a decrease of right and left filling pressures and systemic-/pulmonary vascular resistance. Changes after atracurium, vecuronium and metocurine were minimal. It is concluded that RGH-4201 causes major alterations in the cardiovascular haemodynamic status in dogs anaesthetised with fentanyl when compared to vecuronium, atracurium, metocurine and pancuronium. With respect to cardiovascular stability, atracurium and vecuronium offer advantages.

Persistent hypotension resolved by neostigmine administration in a dog in which atracurium was used

“…Doubling atracurium dose (1.2 mg/kg) resulted in an increased HR, decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and an increase in histamine concentration up to 8.141 ± 2.990 ng/ml 6 . It is possible that hypotension might have been caused by histamine release also in the case here reported, but no histamine release was measured in dogs in which 0.4 mg/kg of atracurium was administered 4 . Nevertheless, because our dog was hypoalbuminaemic, and atracurium is a relatively highly protein bound drug (>80%), it is possible that a higher concentration of the free pharmacological active drug was present, which could have triggered histamine release 15 .…”

“…Atracurium is considered an NMB with limited cardiovascular effects in dogs 1–4 . Atracurium is also administered in human patients undergoing cardio‐thoracic surgery for aorto‐coronary bypass 5 .…”

“…Atracurium is relatively free of cardiovascular effects in dogs 1,2,4 ; however, its administration has been associated with transient hypotension possible related to histamine release in humans 5–8 . No hypotension was recorded after intravenous (IV) injection of 0.1–0.6 mg/kg of atracurium in healthy dogs 1,2,4 . Arterial blood pressure did not differ between diabetic and no‐diabetic dogs in which atracurium (0.2 mg/kg IV) was used 3 .…”

The Effect of Neuromuscular Blockade on Canine Laparoscopic Ovariectomy: A Double‐Blinded, Prospective Clinical Trial

“…The reduction in DAP and MAP pressures during NMB was small and all recorded blood pressure values were within normal physiologic limits for all dogs during anesthesia . Although vecuronium has been reported to deliver cardiovascular stable NMB compared to other NMB drugs, some experiments have found vecuronium to cause cardiovascular changes . It is therefore possible that the observed change in blood pressure during NMB in this study can be directly attributed to vecuronium.…”

Avaliação hemodinâmica, metabólica e do transporte de oxigênio durante anestesia com xenônio em cães hipovolêmicos

“…(35,78) CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS Uma vez estabelecido o acesso venoso, realizou-se a indução anestésica pela administração de 2-4 mg/kg de etomidato, (79) para proceder à intubação orotraqueal (IOT) com sonda de lúmen simples com cuff e de diâmetro 8,5. Em seguida, iniciou-se a manutenção da hipnose e do relaxamento muscular pela infusão contínua de etomidato 50 µg/kg/min, (80,81) de vecurônio 3 µg/kg/min (82)…”