Cardiovascular responses to experimental infra‐renal aortic cross‐clamping. Modulating effects of isoflurane, sodium nitroprusside and milrinone

Abstract

The objective that during AXC MAP should not exceed control non-clamp levels was achieveable by ISO, SNP or MIL. The modulating actions of the drugs on MAP during AXC were exerted mainly through reductions in non-clamp levels. This systemic hypotension was associated with decreased CO and SVR during ISO, and with decreased SVR and increased HR during SNP and MIL. Attenuation of the AXC-induced increase in SVR was produced only by 1.4% ISO.

A Novel and Effective Balanced Intravenous-Inhalant Anaesthetic Protocol in Swine by Using Unrestricted Drugs

“…We highlight that, undergoing our anaesthetic protocol, this surgical procedure did not induce any evident haemodynamic modification compared to previous findings that documented an increasing of Cf followed by a harmless compensatory decline of the blood pressure [2,55]. in addition, the body temperature did not decreased, although this finding might be correlated with the short laparotomy.…”

Efeitos do halotano, isoflurano e sevoflurano sobre a função renal em cães sob pinçamento aórtico infra-renal

“…Assim, parece ter ocorrido redistribuição do volume sangüíneo da vasculatura distal para a vasculatura proximal à oclusão aórtica, com aumento da pré-carga. Vários autores observaram aumento das pressões de enchimento durante o pinçamento aórtico [27][28][29] , enquanto outros autores não observaram essas alterações 30 . Por outro lado, muitos autores atribuem, como causa principal do aumento da pressão arterial média durante o pinçamento aórtico, o aumento súbito da impedância do fluxo aórtico, com aumento da pós-carga 31 , acompanhado, muitas vezes, por diminuição do índice cardíaco 27 .…”

“…Most common results, however, have been increased renal vascular resistance 30,32 and decreased renal blood flow 4,5 . Two factors might have been involved in renal function changes found in this experiment: the first is aortic cross-clamping action and the second is anesthetic agent action.…”

“…So, it seems to have been blood volume redistribution from distal vessels to vessels proximal to aortic occlusion with increase in preload. Several authors have observed increased filling pressures during aortic cross-clamping [27][28][29] , while others have not observed such changes 30 . On the other hand, several authors consider the sudden aortic flow impedance increase with after load increase, often followed by cardiac index decrease 27 , the major cause for mean blood pressure increase during aortic cross-clamping 31 .…”

10.1538/expanim.63.423

“…Specifically, the surgical procedure, requiring very small laparotomy, provided the isolation of renal pedicle and clamping artery and veins about 75 min after beginning of anaesthesia for partial nephrectomy. We highlight that, undergoing our anaesthetic protocol, this surgical procedure did not induce any evident haemodynamic modification compared to previous findings that documented an increasing of CF followed by a harmless compensatory decline of the blood pressure [ 2 , 55 ]. In addition, the body temperature did not decreased, although this finding might be correlated with the short laparotomy.…”